Inspection on 28/11/07 for Keefield

This inspection was carried out on 28th November 2007.

CSCI has not published a star rating for this report, though using similar criteria we estimate that the report is Good. The way we rate inspection reports is consistent for all houses, though please be aware that this may be different from an official CSCI judgement.

The inspector made no statutory requirements on the home as a result of this inspection and there were no outstanding actions from the previous inspection report.

Other inspections for this house

Similar services:

Coopers Mill Ltd

Bramley Avenue (73)

Paradise Lodge

Grangewood

Upaya Ananda

Newton Court (1-2)

Kings Lane (32)

Pemdale

Extracts from inspection reports are licensed from CQC, this page was updated on 09/07/2008.

CARE HOME ADULTS 18-65 Keefield Keefield Close Harlow Essex CM19 5SW Lead Inspector Sharon Thomas Unannounced Inspection 28th November 2007 09:30 Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 1 The Commission for Social Care Inspection aims to: • • • • Put the people who use social care first Improve services and stamp out bad practice Be an expert voice on social care Practise what we preach in our own organisation Reader Information Document Purpose Author Audience Further copies from Copyright Inspection Report CSCI General Public 0870 240 7535 (telephone order line) This report is copyright Commission for Social Care Inspection (CSCI) and may only be used in its entirety. Extracts may not be used or reproduced without the express permission of CSCI www.csci.org.uk Internet address Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 2 This is a report of an inspection to assess whether services are meeting the needs of people who use them. The legal basis for conducting inspections is the Care Standards Act 2000 and the relevant National Minimum Standards for this establishment are those for Care Homes for Adults 18-65. They can be found at www.dh.gov.uk or obtained from The Stationery Office (TSO) PO Box 29, St Crispins, Duke Street, Norwich, NR3 1GN. Tel: 0870 600 5522. Online ordering: www.tso.co.uk/bookshop This report is a public document. Extracts may not be used or reproduced without the prior permission of the Commission for Social Care Inspection. Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 3 SERVICE INFORMATION Name of service Keefield Address Keefield Close Harlow Essex CM19 5SW 01279 635933 01279 626795 swilson@grooms-shaftesbury.org.uk www.grooms-shaftesbury.org.uk Grooms-Shaftesbury Telephone number Fax number Email address Provider Web address Name of registered provider(s)/company (if applicable) Name of registered manager (if applicable) Type of registration No. of places registered (if applicable) Care Home 10 Category(ies) of Learning disability (10), Physical disability (10) registration, with number of places Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 4 SERVICE INFORMATION Conditions of registration: 1. The home may accommodate 10 persons with Learning Disabilities who may also have Physical Disabilities 3 April 2007. Date of last inspection Brief Description of the Service: Keefield is a modern purpose built bungalow style building that is owned by the Health Authority and managed by Groomes - Shaftesbury. Accommodation is provided in single bedrooms, with en-suite facilities. The home is divided into two units with 5 people living in each unit. The home is registered to accommodate 10 adults with profound learning disabilities, who may have a physical disability, and is able to address the needs of people with high dependency levels. The home provides the appropriate aids, adaptations and equipment to enhance the safety of the people living there. The charges per week on the day of inspection are £1200 - £1450 Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 5 SUMMARY This is an overview of what the inspector found during the inspection. This unannounced inspection took place on 28 November 2007, and took place over 2.5 hours. Twenty-two of the forty-three National Minimum Standards were inspected and all of these were met with eight exceeding the National Minimum Standard. Due to the disabilities of the people living in Keefield it is not possible to gather information from them. Therefore this report is based on a range of information that has been accumulated from our inspection records, a site visits to the home, observations of the individuals, discussion with staff and the manager, and information gathered from relative questionnaires issued by CSCI. The inspection process included reviewing information received from the service since the previous inspection in April 2007 including the selfassessment document completed by the manager. Care practices were observed throughout the visit and the relationships between staff and individuals are genuine, sensitive and professional. The inspection process also included: a brief tour of the premises including observation of all of the bathrooms and toilets, all of the communal areas, the kitchens and the laundry. The inspection also included the examination of a sample of policies and records (including any records of notifications or complaints sent to the CSCI since the last inspection). The new manager, known to the CSCI, was available for the duration of the visit and the inspector had the opportunity to discuss the key aspects of the management role. The manager is in the process of registering as manager with the CSCI and will undertake the fit person interview in December 2007. What the service does well: Keefield is a well run home with a good management structure in place to provide an efficient service. Staff and relatives are very complimentary about the management and said that they are very friendly and approachable. Relatives responding said that they trusted the management to resolve any concerns and felt that the manager had good leadership skills that showed throughout the staff team. Information in the care records included details of health needs, visits by health care professionals and risk assessments. The people living in the home who observed on the day appeared well cared for. The staff continue to build good relationships with the people in their care and are observed providing care in a sensitive and caring manner. The staff are aware of their roles in the home and the aim of home to provide people with opportunities to make their own decisions. Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 6 The staff team are well trained and through this provide a quality care service. The new manager in the home is knowledgeable of the home, the people who live there and the staff. Staff and relatives commented that the manager is …”well liked” and …“experienced”. One support worker said, …“the manager provides good support to the staff, and she is always calm and organised”. The home is warm, clean and tidy and provides a pleasant and caring place for people to live in. The Annual Quality Assurance Assessment was completed on time, well written and accurately reflected the care and service written about in the document. What has improved since the last inspection? What they could do better: Please contact the provider for advice of actions taken in response to this inspection. The report of this inspection is available from enquiries@csci.gsi.gov.uk or by contacting your local CSCI office. The summary of this inspection report can be made available in other formats on request. Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 7 DETAILS OF INSPECTOR FINDINGS CONTENTS Choice of Home (Standards 1–5) Individual Needs and Choices (Standards 6-10) Lifestyle (Standards 11-17) Personal and Healthcare Support (Standards 18-21) Concerns, Complaints and Protection (Standards 22-23) Environment (Standards 24-30) Staffing (Standards 31-36) Conduct and Management of the Home (Standards 37 – 43) Scoring of Outcomes Statutory Requirements Identified During the Inspection Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 8 Choice of Home The intended outcomes for Standards 1 – 5 are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Prospective service users have the information they need to make an informed choice about where to live. Prospective users’ individual aspirations and needs are assessed. Prospective service users know that the home that they will choose will meet their needs and aspirations. Prospective service users have an opportunity to visit and to “test drive” the home. Each service user has an individual written contract or statement of terms and conditions with the home. The Commission consider Standard 2 the key standard to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 2: Quality in this outcome area is excellent. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. People using the service benefit from a well managed admission procedure. The home has pre-admission systems in place that ensures that the home can meet the needs of the individual. EVIDENCE: There have not been any new permanent admissions to the home since the previous inspection site visit. However there has been one admission for a person on a temporary respite basis. The care file for this person contained over and above the required assessments from a variety of professional agencies. The policies and procedures for admitting new people to the home are in place and remain subject to regular review. The new manager confirmed in discussion, the admission procedure that was judged to be comprehensive and thorough. Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 9 Individual Needs and Choices The intended outcomes for Standards 6 – 10 are: 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Service users know their assessed and changing needs and personal goals are reflected in their individual Plan. Service users make decisions about their lives with assistance as needed. Service users are consulted on, and participate in, all aspects of life in the home. Service users are supported to take risks as part of an independent lifestyle. Service users know that information about them is handled appropriately, and that their confidences are kept. The Commission considers Standards 6, 7 and 9 the key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 6, 7 and 9: Quality in this outcome area is excellent. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. People living in Keefield have the benefit of a well-developed care planning system. People play an active role in making decisions about their lives and are supported to take risks within their capacity to understand. EVIDENCE: The care plan for one person living at Keefield was examined as part of the inspection process. This file contained clear detail of the needs of the person, the actions staff need to take to support this person and the aim of the care that the staff are providing. The file included photographs, list of medications, a record of healthcare appointments and input. Assessments covered all areas of care and support including personal hygiene, dressing, medication, communication, eating and drinking, sleeping, laundry, housework, shopping, home skills, travel and leisure. Evidence was available to confirm that care plans were subject to regular reviews where any changing needs were assessed and recorded and records showed that individuals and their relatives were involved in their care plan reviews. Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 10 Risk assessments are included for many areas of daily life experienced by the people living at the home such as travel, health, personal hygiene and health care issues. Risk assessments are subject to regular reviews. People living in the home were observed leaving the home with staff support and undertaking a variety of activities on the day. From discussion with staff and observation of the care being given in the home, it was evident that the people in the home are supported as far as possible to make decisions and choices regarding their daily lives. Staff reported how they supported individuals to undertake activities and make choices instead of …”doing things for them”. Records seen indicated that the home provides people with a range of experiences that supports their independence such as visiting local churches, going shopping, and being escorted to attend GP and hospital appointments. On the day of the inspection, the people were undertaking a variety of activities and leaving the home at various times. Relatives commented that they were “not pleased with the range of activity offered in the home” and that “people should be given more activities as they don’t appear to be stimulated”. This issue was raised on the day of the inspection and the new manager confirmed that this issue would be raised with relatives in the upcoming schedule of reviews in December 2007. Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 11 Lifestyle The intended outcomes for Standards 11 - 17 are: 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. Service users have opportunities for personal development. Service users are able to take part in age, peer and culturally appropriate activities. Service users are part of the local community. Service users engage in appropriate leisure activities. Service users have appropriate personal, family and sexual relationships. Service users’ rights are respected and responsibilities recognised in their daily lives. Service users are offered a healthy diet and enjoy their meals and mealtimes. The Commission considers Standards 12, 13, 15, 16 and 17 the key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 12, 13, 15, 16 and 17: Quality in this outcome area is good. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. People living in the home have opportunities for personal development. The home provides activities that are appropriate to their needs and they are supported to build and maintain relationships their families. The people living in Keefield benefit from a well balanced, nutritional and varied diet. EVIDENCE: The home continues to aim to be part of the local community. Care plans seen on the day set out in detail the social needs of the individual. The home has access to a minibus and this allows for external activities to be undertaken. Individuals are able with the help of staff to access many local facilities that include: garden centres, cinemas, shops, pubs, restaurants, and churches. Ultimately, with support people are able to make decisions regarding the type and amount of time they spend undertaking activities. Relatives commented Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 12 that they were “somewhat satisfied with the social activity” and that “it always seems that the same boring activities are put on”. The individual’s’ care plans recorded that choices made by individuals are respected and valued, and there are flexible routines that meet their preferences. Staff are available throughout the week and weekends to provide escort and support services to those who wish to undertake activities outside the home. The care plans examined on the day recorded when staff support people to maintain links with their families. Individuals are given the help that they need to maintain visits their family home. The manager, the staff and the relative comments confirmed that relatives are welcomed into the home at any time. Families and friends are invited to any events held in the home. One relative said…”the staff are really welcoming and always tell me how things are going”. The people living in Keefield are unable to purchase their own food or prepare their own meals. The staff continue to monitor the food intake of the people to ensure that they are provided with a well-balanced and nutritional diet. The home has a variety of quality fresh, frozen and processed food stocks available. Staff spoken with are aware of the nutritional needs of the individuals living in the home and provide specialist dietary support to those who need it. Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 13 Personal and Healthcare Support The intended outcomes for Standards 18 - 21 are: 18. 19. 20. 21. Service users receive personal support in the way they prefer and require. Service users’ physical and emotional health needs are met. Service users retain, administer and control their own medication where appropriate, and are protected by the home’s policies and procedures for dealing with medicines. The ageing, illness and death of a service user are handled with respect and as the individual would wish. The Commission considers Standards 18, 19, and 20 the key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 18, 19 and 20: Quality in this outcome area is excellent. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. People using the service receive excellent personal and healthcare support that is tailored to meet their changing needs. Staff are trained to provide a quality service that identifies and responds to individual healthcare issues. The home has systems in place that ensures the safe administration of medication and protects the individual. EVIDENCE: All of the people currently living in the home require support with their personal care. The care plan examined on the day clearly indicate the support and assistance required by the individual for their daily care and the small detail written in the plan of care is helpful to both the people receiving the care and the staff providing the care. Routines are as flexible as possible and take into account the preferences of the people living in the home. Observations made on the day confirmed that good relationships had been formed and maintained and that staff treat the residents in a sensitive and caring manner. The community nurse, OT, speech therapist and physiotherapist are involved in the care of some of the residents and details of their input is found in the care Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 14 plan. Relatives commented that both personal and healthcare needs are “well covered” and “the staff are well trained to see when things are wrong or right”. The individual’s health care needs are recorded in individual care plans. Health related issues are monitored and reviewed and any changes in health are reported to the GP and/or Community nurse team. The home has strong links with the local primary health care team. Information in the care records include details of a monthly check of weight, visits by health care professionals and risk assessments. Residents observed on the day appeared well cared and are provided with support to maintain their hair, skin and nails in a healthy condition. Relatives said …”my [relative] is always clean and well dressed”. Policies and procedures are in place for the administration of medication and all medication is kept locked in a secure facility. The records for the administration, receipt, and disposal of medication remain accurate and well maintained. The care plan examined contained consent to medicate document signed by a relative. The staff designated to administer medication have received the required training. The manager stated that new documentation relating to medication would be introduced in the New Year. Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 15 Concerns, Complaints and Protection The intended outcomes for Standards 22 – 23 are: 22. 23. Service users feel their views are listened to and acted on. Service users are protected from abuse, neglect and self-harm. The Commission considers Standards 22, and 23 the key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 22 and 23: Quality in this outcome area is excellent. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. People who use the service have access to an effective and understandable complaint procedure that ensures that they are listened to. The home operates robust practices and procedures to protect the people who live there. EVIDENCE: The home has a clear and informative Complaints Policy and Procedure in place. The relatives of the people living at the home are aware of the complaints procedure and said that they would tell their [relatives] key worker if they had any concerns or worries. There had been no complaints received by the home or by the Commission for Social Care Inspection since the previous visit. In April 2007. The whole staff team apart from the two new recruits have received training in the Safeguarding of Vulnerable Adults. The policies and procedures relating to recruitment promotes the safety of people living at the home by obtaining enhanced Criminal Records Bureau disclosures, two written references, and identification before a new staff member starts work at the home. Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 16 Environment The intended outcomes for Standards 24 – 30 are: 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. Service users live in a homely, comfortable and safe environment. Service users’ bedrooms suit their needs and lifestyles. Service users’ bedrooms promote their independence. Service users’ toilets and bathrooms provide sufficient privacy and meet their individual needs. Shared spaces complement and supplement service users’ individual rooms. Service users have the specialist equipment they require to maximise their independence. The home is clean and hygienic. The Commission considers Standards 24, and 30 the key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 24 and 30: Quality in this outcome area is good. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. Keefield provides the residents with a homely, warm, comfortable and accessible place in which to live. The home has adaptations and equipment that meets the needs of the people living there. Staff in the home maintain an excellent level of hygiene. EVIDENCE: The home is located in a quiet area in Harlow and is keeping with the local area. On touring the home all areas were found to be clean, tidy and free from odour. The furnishings and decoration are of a high standard and gave the home a warm and welcoming feeling. The bedroom sizes are over and above the requirement set out in the National Minimum Standards. Bedrooms are personalised and contained many items of the individual’s personal furniture and possessions. The home’s communal and private areas have been recarpeted and redecorated and have resulted in the home appearing more homely and well maintained. All bedrooms are centrally heated and radiators are guarded to ensure the safety of the individual. The relatives comments Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 17 indicated that the …“home is always clean and tidy” and …”the staff work really hard to make sure that the home is clean The home’s laundry facilities are located away from communal areas and individual bedrooms reducing the risk of cross infection. The equipment in the laundry is suitable for the needs of the people living there. The home has a sluice facility that is complimented by the sluice wash cycle of the washing machines. Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 18 Staffing The intended outcomes for Standards 31 – 36 are: 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. Service users benefit from clarity of staff roles and responsibilities. Service users are supported by competent and qualified staff. Service users are supported by an effective staff team. Service users are supported and protected by the home’s recruitment policy and practices. Service users’ individual and joint needs are met by appropriately trained staff. Service users benefit from well supported and supervised staff. The Commission considers Standards 32, 34 and 35 the key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 32, 32 and 35: Quality in this outcome area is good. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. The people living in Keefield benefit from a skilled and competent staff team. The recruitment procedure in the home is robust and provides the safeguards to ensure that appropriate staff are employed. The staff are provided with an excellent and effective programme of training. EVIDENCE: 15 of the 23 staff group working in Keefield have achieved their NVQ Level 2 award. The manager confirmed that she is due to start working towards NVQ 4 Registered Managers Award qualification in January 2008. The home must be commended for having over and above the 50 of staff trained in NVQ Level 2 or above. Two recruitment files for the newest members of staff employed since the previous inspection visit was examined and contained all the paperwork required to promote and protect the safety and well being of the people living at the home. Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 19 The relatives commented that “staff are kind, caring and considerate” and that “staff are well trained, and professional”. Training in areas designed to promote and protect the health, safety and welfare of people living at the home has been provided for the whole staff team. This included moving and handling, the Protection of Vulnerable Adults, infection control, fire safety, safe administration of medications, managing challenging situations, learning disabilities and COSHH training. The registered manager reported in the annual assessment that she aimed to undertake six supervisions with each staff member during the course of a year however, in practice; this target number was generally exceeded. Staff stated that they found supervision helpful and a time where they felt safe and comfortable discussing sensitive issues they said that they felt …”well supported by the management team”. Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 20 Conduct and Management of the Home The intended outcomes for Standards 37 – 43 are: 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. Service users benefit from a well run home. Service users benefit from the ethos, leadership and management approach of the home. Service users are confident their views underpin all self-monitoring, review and development by the home. Service users’ rights and best interests are safeguarded by the home’s policies and procedures. Service users’ rights and best interests are safeguarded by the home’s record keeping policies and procedures. The health, safety and welfare of service users are promoted and protected. Service users benefit from competent and accountable management of the service. The Commission considers Standards 37, 39, and 42 the key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 37, 39 and 42: Quality in this outcome area is good. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. The people in Keefield benefit from living in a well run home that is managed by a skilled and competent person. The home has an established system in place that ensures that their views are heard and acted upon. The health and safety of individuals living and working in the home is promoted and well maintained. EVIDENCE: The new manager of Keefield has many years experience working with adults with both learning and physical disabilities. The manager confirmed that she regularly undertakes training to update her knowledge and skills and evidence of this is recorded. The manager also confirmed that she is responsible for ensuring that the aims and objectives of the home are achieved, and that policies and procedures are implemented. The staff made very positive comments regarding the skills and knowledge of the manager. Comments in Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 21 staff surveys confirmed that they “find her easy to communicate with and she knows her stuff” and that “the manager really knows her job and is at ease with the people in the home”. The home has a quality assurance programme in place that measures the quality of care being provided. The home surveys residents, relatives and staff to gather information about the running of the home and if it is achieving its aims. The manager has a strong commitment to the health and safety of both the people living in the home and the staff team. The home provides Health and safety training for staff, and it has home has a range of policies and procedures relating to health and safety practices. A health and safety audit check is undertaken on a monthly basis. Individual resident risk assessment and premises assessments are in place. Evidence in the form of safety certificates was available to indicate that every effort was made to ensure the health, welfare and safety of individuals who live in the home, and support workers. Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 22 SCORING OF OUTCOMES This page summarises the assessment of the extent to which the National Minimum Standards for Care Homes for Adults 18-65 have been met and uses the following scale. The scale ranges from: 4 Standard Exceeded 2 Standard Almost Met (Commendable) (Minor Shortfalls) 3 Standard Met 1 Standard Not Met (No Shortfalls) (Major Shortfalls) “X” in the standard met box denotes standard not assessed on this occasion “N/A” in the standard met box denotes standard not applicable CHOICE OF HOME Standard No Score 1 X 2 3 3 X 4 X 5 X INDIVIDUAL NEEDS AND CHOICES Standard No 6 7 8 9 10 Score CONCERNS AND COMPLAINTS Standard No Score 22 4 23 4 ENVIRONMENT Standard No Score 24 3 25 X 26 X 27 X 28 X 29 X 30 3 STAFFING Standard No Score 31 X 32 3 33 X 34 3 35 3 36 X CONDUCT AND MANAGEMENT OF THE HOME Standard No 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 Score 4 4 X 3 X LIFESTYLES Standard No Score 11 X 12 3 13 3 14 X 15 3 16 3 17 4 PERSONAL AND HEALTHCARE SUPPORT Standard No 18 19 20 21 Score 4 4 3 X 3 X 3 X X 4 X Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 23 Are there any outstanding requirements from the last inspection? NO STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS This section sets out the actions, which must be taken so that the registered person/s meets the Care Standards Act 2000, Care Homes Regulations 2001 and the National Minimum Standards. The Registered Provider(s) must comply with the given timescales. No. Standard Regulation Requirement Timescale for action RECOMMENDATIONS These recommendations relate to National Minimum Standards and are seen as good practice for the Registered Provider/s to consider carrying out. No. 1 Refer to Standard YA12 Good Practice Recommendations Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 24 Commission for Social Care Inspection Colchester Local Office 1st Floor, Fairfax House Causton Road Colchester Essex CO1 1RJ National Enquiry Line: Telephone: 0845 015 0120 or 0191 233 3323 Textphone: 0845 015 2255 or 0191 233 3588 Email: enquiries@csci.gsi.gov.uk Web: www.csci.org.uk © This report is copyright Commission for Social Care Inspection (CSCI) and may only be used in its entirety. Extracts may not be used or reproduced without the express permission of CSCI Keefield DS0000070251.V355816.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 25 - Please note that this information is included on www.bestcarehome.co.uk under license from the regulator. Re-publishing this information is in breach of the terms of use of that website. Discrete codes and changes have been inserted throughout the textual data shown on the site that will provide incontrovertable proof of copying in the event this information is re-published on other websites. The policy of www.bestcarehome.co.uk is to use all legal avenues to pursue such offenders, including recovery of costs. You have been warned!