CARE HOME ADULTS 18-65
Reeson Care Homes Reeson Care Homes 31 College Road Wembley Middlesex HA9 8RN Lead Inspector
Richard Adkin Key Unannounced Inspection 28th November 2006 10:00 Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 1 The Commission for Social Care Inspection aims to: • • • • Put the people who use social care first Improve services and stamp out bad practice Be an expert voice on social care Practise what we preach in our own organisation Reader Information
Document Purpose Author Audience Further copies from Copyright Inspection Report CSCI General Public 0870 240 7535 (telephone order line) This report is copyright Commission for Social Care Inspection (CSCI) and may only be used in its entirety. Extracts may not be used or reproduced without the express permission of CSCI www.csci.org.uk Internet address Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 2 This is a report of an inspection to assess whether services are meeting the needs of people who use them. The legal basis for conducting inspections is the Care Standards Act 2000 and the relevant National Minimum Standards for this establishment are those for Care Homes for Adults 18-65. They can be found at www.dh.gov.uk or obtained from The Stationery Office (TSO) PO Box 29, St Crispins, Duke Street, Norwich, NR3 1GN. Tel: 0870 600 5522. Online ordering: www.tso.co.uk/bookshop This report is a public document. Extracts may not be used or reproduced without the prior permission of the Commission for Social Care Inspection. Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 3 SERVICE INFORMATION
Name of service Reeson Care Homes Address Reeson Care Homes 31 College Road Wembley Middlesex HA9 8RN 020 8908 1268 Telephone number Fax number Email address Provider Web address Name of registered provider(s)/company (if applicable) Name of registered manager (if applicable) Type of registration No. of places registered (if applicable) Reeson Care Homes Ltd Mr Harrison Aibangbee Care Home 3 Category(ies) of Learning disability (3), Mental disorder, registration, with number excluding learning disability or dementia (3) of places Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 4 SERVICE INFORMATION
Conditions of registration: None Date of last inspection 25th October 2005 Brief Description of the Service: Reeson Care Homes, Parkside, 31 College Road is a care home providing personal care and accommodation for up to three adults with learning disability. There are currently two residents living at the home at the time of the inspection. Harrison Aibangbee trading as Reeson Care Homes Ltd owns the home. This is the only home. The home is situated in a quiet residential street backing on to Preston Park. The home is 10 minutes from local shops and amenities and five minutes from the local library. There is a primary care clinic opposite and GP practice nearby in the same street. There is off street parking and parking for one car in the drive beside the house. The building has a ground and first floor. Access is by stairs. All bedrooms are fully furnished and have sinks. There is one bedroom on the ground floor. There is an office and sleeping in room on the first floor. There is one bathroom and one separate toilet and one toilet with shower. The home has a living/dining room with access to a reasonable sized garden that is backed on to by the park; currently an extension to the living/dining room and the kitchen is being built The fee range reflects the complexity of need and is currently £850.00 to £2000.00 per week. Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 5 SUMMARY
This is an overview of what the inspector found during the inspection. The unannounced inspection took place on a weekday morning in late November. The Inspector met with the Deputy Manager, two members of staff on duty and a member of staff undertaking induction. The Inspector met with the two current residents and went through the resident’s care files and the home’s policies, procedures and records. A tour was made of the premises. A follow up visit was made by the Inspector to meet with the Registered Provider/Manager. The Inspector would like to thank everyone at the care home for their contribution to the inspection. What the service does well: What has improved since the last inspection? What they could do better:
Stronger reporting needs to take place by the Registered Manager/Provider. Notifiable incidents must be reported to CSCI. CSCI should have received notification of significant alterations to the premises along with plans to support residents during the major disruption. Management arrangements for the home need to be considered. Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 6 Please contact the provider for advice of actions taken in response to this inspection. The report of this inspection is available from enquiries@csci.gsi.gov.uk or by contacting your local CSCI office. The summary of this inspection report can be made available in other formats on request. Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 7 DETAILS OF INSPECTOR FINDINGS CONTENTS
Choice of Home (Standards 1–5) Individual Needs and Choices (Standards 6-10) Lifestyle (Standards 11-17) Personal and Healthcare Support (Standards 18-21) Concerns, Complaints and Protection (Standards 22-23) Environment (Standards 24-30) Staffing (Standards 31-36) Conduct and Management of the Home (Standards 37 – 43) Scoring of Outcomes Statutory Requirements Identified During the Inspection Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 8 Choice of Home
The intended outcomes for Standards 1 – 5 are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Prospective service users have the information they need to make an informed choice about where to live. Prospective users’ individual aspirations and needs are assessed. Prospective service users know that the home that they will choose will meet their needs and aspirations. Prospective service users have an opportunity to visit and to “test drive” the home. Each service user has an individual written contract or statement of terms and conditions with the home. The Commission consider Standard 2 the key standard to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 1, 2, 3, Quality in this outcome area is good. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. Admissions to the home only take place if the service is confident they have the ability to meet the assessed needs of the prospective service users. Residents and their relatives received a Statement of Purpose, Service User Guide and statement of terms and conditions. EVIDENCE: The Inspector undertook some more detailed follow up with service users around the first three standards. The Inspector wanted to ascertain the experience of residents in receiving a copy of the Service User Guide, how was this received and how explained. Concerning the cost of the resident’s care and changes in cost, the Inspector explored, what sort of information was provided. The Inspector was only able to discuss these areas with one resident, given that the other resident was not communicative at the time of the inspection. Concerning the contract, the intention was to explore whether residents had been given a copy of their contract with a statement of their terms and
Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 9 conditions and to establish whether the contract had changed since the resident had been in the home. The contract had not changed for the one resident spoken to. As for the needs assessment the Inspector specifically considered whether the care home received or undertook a needs assessment before the resident came into the home, i.e. did anyone talk to the service user meaningfully to find out what their needs and aspirations were. The residents spoken to felt that staff had considered his hopes and fears when he was thinking of moving into the care home and had continued to do so. Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 10 Individual Needs and Choices
The intended outcomes for Standards 6 – 10 are: 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Service users know their assessed and changing needs and personal goals are reflected in their individual Plan. Service users make decisions about their lives with assistance as needed. Service users are consulted on, and participate in, all aspects of life in the home. Service users are supported to take risks as part of an independent lifestyle. Service users know that information about them is handled appropriately, and that their confidences are kept. The Commission considers Standards 6, 7 and 9 the key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 6, 7, 9, 10 Quality in this outcome area is good. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. There is a commitment by the care home to involve residents in the planning of care that affects their lifestyle and quality of life. The care staff managing risk and supporting the residents striving for independence balances this. EVIDENCE: At the previous unannounced inspection (25th October 2005) a need was identified for a fuller Confidentiality Policy. This policy is in place in the care home and was updated in May 2006. The policy has been developed and includes information on the legal framework, breaching confidentiality, procedural guidance and compliance matters. Confidentiality also forms part of the home’s Charter of Rights that is displayed prominently at the entrance to the care home.
Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 11 The placement of one resident should continue to be formally reviewed in light of balancing risk and the level of containment required. Legal advice should be sought and the involvement of an advocate remains essential. The advice should be sought in relation to the deprivation of liberty under Article 5 of the Human Rights Act and the forthcoming Mental Capacity Act 2005. The impact on the other resident in the home of the level of containment required should be given further thought. Reviews, risk assessments, care plans and personal support plans were up to date and reflective of the changing needs and risks concerning the residents. Records are kept secure in the office/sleeping in room. The records of residents are well laid out and are most comprehensive. They include a service user guide/statement of purpose, contract, full assessment of need, service user plan, reviews of service user plan, progress notes (daily records), accident records, restraint/incidents, safeguarding referrals, physical health checks, complaints, medication, finances, activities etc. Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 12 Lifestyle
The intended outcomes for Standards 11 - 17 are: 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. Service users have opportunities for personal development. Service users are able to take part in age, peer and culturally appropriate activities. Service users are part of the local community. Service users engage in appropriate leisure activities. Service users have appropriate personal, family and sexual relationships. Service users’ rights are respected and responsibilities recognised in their daily lives. Service users are offered a healthy diet and enjoy their meals and mealtimes. The Commission considers Standards 12, 13, 15, 16 and 17 the key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 12, 13, 15, 16, 17 Quality in this outcome area is good. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. Residents are actively encouraged to keep contact with family members. Routines are flexible to meet the fluctuating needs of residents. The local community is accessed to staff. Choice of food is made available. EVIDENCE: As part of the assessment of each individual resident specific cultural/religious support needs are captured for each resident. One area identified around culturally appropriate food had not been fully addressed and this should be further explored with the resident. Efforts had been made by staff to visit a culturally appropriate food market with residents. Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 13 At the time of the inspection lunch was served. One resident refused a range of food that was offered, despite much encouragement from staff. Menus of food available are displayed and choices offered. Residents’ access local facilities; one resident with a high level of monitoring because of associated risks. The residents access the local park, library and cafes. One resident discussed that day services are not a relevant choice for his interests and lifestyle. He has accessed an Internet course through the library and is due to undertake a computer course in early 2007. The resident is encouraged to paint pictures at the care home. Both residents receive visits by family members, which are encouraged and given thought to. Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 14 Personal and Healthcare Support
The intended outcomes for Standards 18 - 21 are: 18. 19. 20. 21. Service users receive personal support in the way they prefer and require. Service users’ physical and emotional health needs are met. Service users retain, administer and control their own medication where appropriate, and are protected by the home’s policies and procedures for dealing with medicines. The ageing, illness and death of a service user are handled with respect and as the individual would wish. The Commission considers Standards 18, 19, and 20 the key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 18, 19, 20 Quality in this outcome area is good. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. Residents are involved in the planning of their care where practicable. These plans are regularly reviewed. The home operates a developed and efficient medication policy. Residents on the whole have access to local health services. EVIDENCE: No evidence was seen of dental checks for residents taking place. Regular dental follow up needs to happen for both residents. One resident is weighed weekly and blood pressure is also checked, as there have been previous concerns. The other resident had refused to cooperate with being weighed, though this should be happening when practicable.
Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 15 Meeting the emotional and mental health needs is given serious consideration and intervention with both residents, with regular CPA’s, up to date risk assessments, internal reviews and daily record keeping etc. The Inspector looked at the MAR sheets that were up to date. An audit trail was in place with the name of the staff member giving medication, the signature and date of updated medication training being recorded. The Manager/Proprietor is an RMN. The Medicines Policy (March 2005) is a comprehensive policy covering essential areas. Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 16 Concerns, Complaints and Protection
The intended outcomes for Standards 22 – 23 are: 22. 23. Service users feel their views are listened to and acted on. Service users are protected from abuse, neglect and self-harm. The Commission considers Standards 22, and 23 the key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 22, 23 Quality in this outcome area is good. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. The complaints procedure is accessible and is discussed with residents and is in an appropriate format. Residents understand how they can complain. EVIDENCE: Promotion of residents’ rights is central to the ethos of the home. An appropriate response was made to a POVA allegation in the recent past. A requirement that arose at the previous unannounced inspection was that a Complaints Procedure needed to be displayed in the shared communal area that was pictorially appropriate. This was the case, with information displayed prominently at the entrance, along with a charter of rights and details of the care service and the home’s admission statement. The Inspector focussed on residents’ awareness of how to make a complaint. Is the resident given a copy of the home’s complaints procedure? Does the resident feel they have all the information they need to make a complaint about their care? Is this information accessible and user friendly?
Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 17 The Inspector was only able to discuss this with one of the residents. He advised the Inspector that two members of staff at different times during his relatively short stay had gone through the service user guide with him and given significant focus around the complaint process. The resident felt that he did understand the policy and felt confident that he could complain should the need arise and that he would be listened to and that his views would be acted upon. There had been one significant POVA allegation since the previous inspection. This allegation had been subject to investigation and conferencing under the Protection of Vulnerable Adults procedure. There had been appropriate reporting and steps taken by the care home manager, leading to suspension until the matter had been fully investigated and concluded. Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 18 Environment
The intended outcomes for Standards 24 – 30 are: 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. Service users live in a homely, comfortable and safe environment. Service users’ bedrooms suit their needs and lifestyles. Service users’ bedrooms promote their independence. Service users’ toilets and bathrooms provide sufficient privacy and meet their individual needs. Shared spaces complement and supplement service users’ individual rooms. Service users have the specialist equipment they require to maximise their independence. The home is clean and hygienic. The Commission considers Standards 24, and 30 the key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 24, 27, 30 Quality in this outcome area is good. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. The home has a well-maintained environment, which is comfortable and homely. Work is ongoing and the impact of this needs to be reflected upon by the Proprietor. EVIDENCE: A grab rail was needed by the ramp leading into the garden from the dining/living room. This is no longer a requirement at this point in time, as there is an extension being built from the dining/living room and beside the kitchen. Planning permission has been obtained and the work has commenced, but had been subject to delay because of heavy rainfall. There was a skip at the entrance to the home. The Commission had received no notification, verbally or in writing when it is proposed to significantly extend or alter the premises of the care home. It is a requirement that this notification is put in writing in order that the Inspector is informed that plans are in place
Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 19 to support residents during the disruption of the extensive works, and that relevant planning notices and building certificates were issued. There were no plans concerning the disruption, or records in the residents’ meeting minutes; though discussion had taken place individually with the residents, concerning building works and the disruption. Access was not possible to the garden. It is a further requirement that a plan for supporting residents during the disruption of the building work is forwarded to the Commission for Social Care Inspection. A tour was made of the premises. It was clean and tidy during the course of the inspection. The downstairs toilet had clear hand washing instructions, liquid soap and disposable towels, as did the upstairs toilet. The toilet seat of the downstairs toilet was not secure and this must be rectified. The standard of the environment in terms of decoration and quality of fitments is of good quality. Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 20 Staffing
The intended outcomes for Standards 31 – 36 are: 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. Service users benefit from clarity of staff roles and responsibilities. Service users are supported by competent and qualified staff. Service users are supported by an effective staff team. Service users are supported and protected by the home’s recruitment policy and practices. Service users’ individual and joint needs are met by appropriately trained staff. Service users benefit from well supported and supervised staff. The Commission considers Standards 32, 34 and 35 the key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 32, 34, 35 Quality in this outcome area is good. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. Residents have confidence in the staff that care for them. Rotas are thought out and flexible to meet fluctuating demands and changing needs. The home has sound recruitment policies and procedures in place. EVIDENCE: Staff records were looked at by the Inspector for two staff members. The files were of a good standard and provided evidence of induction, supervision and training and development taking place for staff members. There was also evidence of CRB checks being up to date and in place, ID being established and a contract being in place. The staff rotas were discussed with the Deputy Manager. The rotas are drawn up monthly with an identified shift leader. One person sleeps in at night with
Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 21 one waking staff member. There is a flexible use of staffing should a residents mental state deteriorate. The home’s Recruitment and Selection Policy (March 2005) has a strong commitment to equal opportunities and anti discriminatory practice. Staff were observed to engage well with the residents. The staff spoke positively of their experience of working in the home and the training opportunities. One resident spoke positively of the support he received directly from care staff. The other resident was observed to have significant attachment to some staff members. Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 22 Conduct and Management of the Home
The intended outcomes for Standards 37 – 43 are: 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. Service users benefit from a well run home. Service users benefit from the ethos, leadership and management approach of the home. Service users are confident their views underpin all self-monitoring, review and development by the home. Service users’ rights and best interests are safeguarded by the home’s policies and procedures. Service users’ rights and best interests are safeguarded by the home’s record keeping policies and procedures. The health, safety and welfare of service users are promoted and protected. Service users benefit from competent and accountable management of the service. The Commission considers Standards 37, 39, and 42 the key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 37, 38, 39, 41, 42 Quality in this outcome area is good. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. The home is well managed and led by an experienced manager and deputy. Transitional management arrangements need to be progressed and reporting improved. The health and safety of residents is addressed. Records are of good quality. EVIDENCE: The Proprietor who is a registered mental health nurse and is registered with the Nursing and Midwifery Council currently manages the home. He holds a diploma in Management Studies and a certificate in personnel practice. Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 23 Several recommendations arose during the course of the inspection. The views of relatives, stakeholders and professionals should be sought on how the home is achieving goals for residents in order to develop and complement quality assurance systems. On the occasion of the first day of the inspection access was not available to supervision notes. Staff files should be accessible and secure in the office; this should include supervision records. There had been several serious incidents that had arisen that the Commission for Social Care Inspection had not been made aware of. Regulation 37 reporting to CSCI must take place for all notifiable incidents. The Registered Provider/Manager must report the two most serious episodes retrospectively to CSCI. A year ago the Registered Proprietor, an experienced mental health/learning disability professional with over 13 years management experience in Health and Social Care decided to take a six-month sabbatical from his post to manage and establish the care home, to develop the staff team and set the standards for the home that he expects. At the time of registration the Registered Proprietor/Manager was advised by the Central Registration Team (CSCI) to start seeking a suitable replacement manager in good time. The Proprietor/Manager has currently returned to his employment. He will be putting forward his deputy to be manager and this needs to occur. The deputy is currently undertaking NVQ Level 4. The residents’ files are well laid out and organised. It would be beneficial to the development of the service that views of relatives, stakeholders and professionals should be sought on how the home is achieving its goals for service users. The information on Health and Safety checks were in good order when looked at by the Inspector. Fridge, freezer and hot food temperatures were recorded daily. The insurance certificate was up to date and displayed. Safety checks were in place, e.g. weekly check of window restrictors, gas safety check took place 28/3/06, gas boiler service (5/5/06), electrical appliances (27/3/06), fire protection check (31/3/06), fire alarm testing weekly and monthly fire drills. All staff undertook fire safety training in June 2006. Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 24 SCORING OF OUTCOMES
This page summarises the assessment of the extent to which the National Minimum Standards for Care Homes for Adults 18-65 have been met and uses the following scale. The scale ranges from:
4 Standard Exceeded 2 Standard Almost Met (Commendable) (Minor Shortfalls) 3 Standard Met 1 Standard Not Met (No Shortfalls) (Major Shortfalls) “X” in the standard met box denotes standard not assessed on this occasion “N/A” in the standard met box denotes standard not applicable
CHOICE OF HOME Standard No Score 1 3 2 3 3 3 4 X 5 x INDIVIDUAL NEEDS AND CHOICES Standard No 6 7 8 9 10 Score CONCERNS AND COMPLAINTS Standard No Score 22 X 23 x ENVIRONMENT Standard No Score 24 2 25 X 26 X 27 2 28 X 29 X 30 3 STAFFING Standard No Score 31 X 32 3 33 X 34 3 35 3 36 x CONDUCT AND MANAGEMENT OF THE HOME Standard No 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 Score 3 3 X 3 3 LIFESTYLES Standard No Score 11 X 12 3 13 3 14 X 15 3 16 3 17 3 PERSONAL AND HEALTHCARE SUPPORT Standard No 18 19 20 21 Score 3 2 3 X 3 2 X X 3 2 x Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 25 NO Are there any outstanding requirements from the last inspection? STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS This section sets out the actions, which must be taken so that the registered person/s meets the Care Standards Act 2000, Care Homes Regulations 2001 and the National Minimum Standards. The Registered Provider(s) must comply with the given timescales. No. 1. 2. Standard YA19 YA24 Regulation 12(1)(a) 13(1)(b) 39(h) Requirement Dental check ups must happen for both residents. The registered person must give notice of any significant alterations of the premises to the Commission for Social Care Inspection in writing. Plans must be in place to support residents during the disruption of the major extension and this must be forwarded to the Commission for Social Care Inspection. The downstairs toilet seat must be made secure. Management arrangements must be progressed to have a full time Manager in post. All notifiable incidents must be reported to the Commission for Social Care Inspection promptly. Significant recent incidents must be reported retrospectively to CSCI. Timescale for action 01/02/07 01/02/07 3. YA24 23(o) 01/02/07 4. 5. 6. YA27 YA38 YA42 13(2)(b) 8(1)(3) 37 01/02/07 01/04/07 12/12/06 Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 26 RECOMMENDATIONS These recommendations relate to National Minimum Standards and are seen as good practice for the Registered Provider/s to consider carrying out. No. 1. Refer to Standard YA9 Good Practice Recommendations The placement of one resident should continue to formally be reviewed in light of balancing risk and the level of containment required and legal advice should be considered and the impact on the other resident. Culturally appropriate food should be further explored with one resident. Weighing should be taking place for one resident when practicable. Views of relatives, stakeholders and professionals should be sought on how the home is achieving goals for service users. Staff files should be accessible and secure in the office; this should include supervision records. 2. 3. 4. 5. YA12 YA19 YA39 YA41 Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 27 Commission for Social Care Inspection Harrow Area office Fourth Floor Aspect Gate 166 College Road Harrow HA1 1BH National Enquiry Line: Telephone: 0845 015 0120 or 0191 233 3323 Textphone: 0845 015 2255 or 0191 233 3588 Email: enquiries@csci.gsi.gov.uk Web: www.csci.org.uk
© This report is copyright Commission for Social Care Inspection (CSCI) and may only be used in its entirety. Extracts may not be used or reproduced without the express permission of CSCI Reeson Care Homes DS0000063660.V320108.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 28 - Please note that this information is included on www.bestcarehome.co.uk under license from the regulator. Re-publishing this information is in breach of the terms of use of that website. Discrete codes and changes have been inserted throughout the textual data shown on the site that will provide incontrovertable proof of copying in the event this information is re-published on other websites. The policy of www.bestcarehome.co.uk is to use all legal avenues to pursue such offenders, including recovery of costs. You have been warned!