CARE HOME ADULTS 18-65
6a Prospect Place Worcester WR5 2AD Lead Inspector
Rachel McGorman Unannounced 31 August 2005 - 15:00 The Commission for Social Care Inspection aims to: • • • • Put the people who use social care first Improve services and stamp out bad practice Be an expert voice on social care Practise what we preach in our own organisation Reader Information
Document Purpose Author Audience Further copies from Copyright Inspection Report CSCI General Public 0870 240 7535 (telephone order line) This report is copyright Commission for Social Care Inspection (CSCI) and may only be used in its entirety. Extracts may not be used or reproduced without the express permission of CSCI www.csci.org.uk Internet address This is a report of an inspection to assess whether services are meeting the needs of people who use them. The legal basis for conducting inspections is the Care Standards Act 2000 and the relevant National Minimum Standards for this establishment are those for Care Homes for Adults 18-65. They can be found at www.dh.gov.uk or obtained from The Stationary Office (TSO) PO Box 29, St Crispins, Duke Street, Norwich, NR3 1GN. Tel: 0870 600 5522. Online ordering: www.tso.co.uk/bookshop This report is a public document. Extracts may not be used or reproduced without the prior permission of the Commission for Social Care Inspection. 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 3 SERVICE INFORMATION
Name of service 6a Prospect Place Address Worcester WR5 2AD Telephone number Fax number Email address Name of registered provider(s)/company (if applicable) Name of registered manager (if applicable) Type of registration No. of places registered (if applicable) 01905 351514 New Era Housing Association Limited Ms Helen Elizabeth Mence CRH 6 Learning Disability 6 Category(ies) of LD registration, with number of places 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 4 SERVICE INFORMATION
Conditions of registration: The following conditions of registration apply in addition to those detailed on the previous page: The home may also accommodate people with an additional physical disability. Date of last inspection 18/03/05 Brief Description of the Service: 6a, Prospect Place is registered to provide residential care for up to four service users who experience a learning disability, who may have a physical disability, and whose needs are diverse. The home is also able to accommodate one person over 65 years of age. The premises is a large dormer bungalow situated in a quiet cul-de-sac, in close proximity to the city centre, with access to a range of amenities and facilities. The home is owned and run by the New Era Housing Association Ltd., and is part of the New Dimensions Group, which, as the parent company, provides strategic direction and a range of functional support services. The stated purpose of the organisation is, to work with people with learning difficulties, supporting them to make choices and to exercise control over their lives, and the main aim of the home is, to deliver a person-centred response to the needs and aspirations of the people we support. 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 5 SUMMARY
This is an overview of what the inspector found during the inspection. The purpose of this routine unannounced inspection was to follow up previous requirements and recommendations, and to monitor the care provision at 6a Prospect Place Worcester, in relation to the stated aims and objectives of the home. The inspection took approximately 3 hours, when some time was spent with service users, and also talking with staff. Very positive comments were made about what it is like to work at the home. A tour of the building was also undertaken. The care records of service users were inspected, and detailed discussions held with the manager and staff about the content, as service users were unable to communicate their opinions verbally. The records kept in respect of the maintenance of equipment, and safe working practices were also seen. What the service does well:
The organisational skills of the management are excellent, as evidenced in the comprehensive documentation maintained at the home. Good lines of communication ensure that everyone has the relevant information to enable appropriate decisions to be made. The initial impression gained is that the home is well maintained and cared for, and that it is comfortable and secure. The needs of service users are anticipated, and responded to appropriately. The individuality of each service user is recognised and the commitment of staff to their role in supporting and enabling service users and to person centred work with service users, is commendable. Health Action Plans have been developed for each service user, which are detailed and informative, and ensure a full understanding of their healthcare needs 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 6 What has improved since the last inspection? What they could do better: Please contact the provider for advice of actions taken in response to this inspection. The report of this inspection is available from enquiries@csci.gsi.gov.uk or by contacting your local CSCI office. 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 7 DETAILS OF INSPECTOR FINDINGS CONTENTS
Choice of Home (Standards 1–5) Individual Needs and Choices (Standards 6-10) Lifestyle (Standards 11-17) Personal and Healthcare Support (Standards 18-21) Concerns, Complaints and Protection (Standards 22-23) Environment (Standards 24-30) Staffing (Standards 31-36) Conduct and Management of the Home (Standards 37 – 43) Scoring of Standards Statutory Requirements Identified During the Inspection 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 8 Choice of Home
The intended outcomes for Standards 1 – 5 are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Prospective service users have the information they need to make an informed choice about where to live. Prospective users’ individual aspirations and needs are assessed. Prospective service users’ know that the home that they will choose will meet their needs and aspirations. Prospective service users have an opportunity to visit and to “test drive” the home. Each service user has an individual written contract or statement of terms and conditions with the home. The Commission consider Standard 2 the key standard to be inspected at least once during a 12 month period. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for standard(s) 1,2,3,4 & 5 Appropriate documentation is in place to enable prospective service users to make an informed decision about their future care needs. The admissions procedure is followed in detail, and all proposed admissions to the home are planned very thoroughly, over several weeks, to ensure an appropriate decision is made, both by the home and the service user. 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 9 EVIDENCE: A Statement of Purpose has been produced, which together with the Service Users Guide, provides detailed information for residents and their families, on which to base decisions about their future care needs. Several documents are being produced on audio tape, and can be provided in other formats if needed. The Service Users Guide contains numerous photographs. The admission procedure includes extensive assessment by staff from the home, and a Community Care Assessment is undertaken by a social worker. A gradual introduction is made to the home following the initial referral, and a place is only offered if it seems likely that a suitable service can be provided for the prospective service user. Admission is agreed on a trial basis initially. The procedure is being implemented currently, with consideration being given to a service user being admitted to the accommodation on the first floor of the house. Several introductory visits have already been made. A statement of the terms and conditions of residence is provided for each service user. The details of these documents are discussed with each individual, and their family, or representative, and a contract is provided for each service user by the placing authority. 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 10 Individual Needs and Choices
The intended outcomes for Standards 6 – 10 are: 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Service users know their assessed and changing needs and personal goals are reflected in their individual Plan. Service users make decisions about their lives with assistance as needed. Service users are consulted on, and participate, in all aspects of life in the home. Service users are supported to take risks as part of an independent lifestyle. Service users know that information about them is handled appropriately, and that their confidences are kept The Commission considers Standards 6, 7 and 9 the key standards to be inspected at least once during a 12 month period. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for standard(s) 6,7,8,9 & 10 The service users plan of care is based on the initial assessment, which clearly identifies their assessed needs, and how these will be met. Service users living at the home are supported in making choices in all areas of their lives. Risk management strategies are in place, enable a responsible approach to the risks associated with the various activities of daily living. 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 11 EVIDENCE: An individual plan of care is produced for each service user, based on the initial assessment undertaken during the admission process. The plans are very comprehensive, detailing the specific needs of service users and how these are to be met. A Person Centred Approach is part of the philosophy of the care provision in homes run by New Era. Two key-workers are assigned to each service user, and have responsibility for ensuring that appropriate care is provided. Regular meetings are held with the service user, and on-going assessment is also undertaken, any changes are monitored over a period of time, and amendments made when necessary. Risk assessments are completed, in relation to the premises, to the activities undertaken, and any restrictions imposed, and also in respect of every aspect of the life of each service user. They are included in the plan of care for each service user. The service users living at 6a Prospect Place are not able to communicate verbally, but staff constantly interpret the needs and individual preferences of each person, and their participation in the daily life of the home, is encouraged. The delightful rapport between staff and service users is commendable, and demonstrates the commitment of staff to their work. A Confidentiality Code has been produced by the Organisation, which is clearly understood by staff, and reassures service users that information about them is handled appropriately. Training is also given to all staff. 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 12 Lifestyle
The intended outcomes for Standards 11 - 17 are: 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. Service users have opportunities for personal development. Service users are able to take part in age, peer and culturally appropriate activities. Service users are part of the local community. Service users engage in appropriate leisure activities. Service users have appropriate personal, family and sexual relationships. Service users’ rights are respected and responsibilities recognised in their daily lives. Service users are offered a healthy diet and enjoy their meals and mealtimes. The Commission considers Standards 12, 13, 15, 16 and 17 the key standards to be inspected at least once during a 12 month period. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for standard(s) 11,12,14,15,16 & 17 Service users are involved in the daily arrangements at the home, as appropriate, and are the focus of the delivery of the high standard of person centred care that is provided. The opportunities made available to service users enable them to live as fulfilling a life as possible. The involvement of each individual in developing their activities, both within and outside the home, means that they are able to choose what they wish to do, and that everything revolves around them. 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 13 EVIDENCE: Service users living at the home are encouraged to follow an ‘ordinary’ life style as far as possible, by using the same facilities as other members of the community, and being involved in a range activities, of which a detailed record is maintained. Limited communication skills preclude involvement in paid employment or educational opportunities, but social activities are provided, and these may be undertaken in-house or in the community. Examples include, shopping, cookery sessions, swimming, going to the pub, train trips, visits to the snoezlan, Jacuzzi, and hydro. Some service users attend a local day centre. Music is enjoyed by everyone and making music is a favourite past-time of one service user, who has an electronic organ. Arrangements for holidays are made, as appropriate, and service users have been to Wales earlier this year. Consideration is being given to organizing weekend breaks instead of the longer holidays, as some service users find the longer period too much to cope with. Links with family and friends are promoted, with a high degree of support provided by staff, to both the family, and to the service user. A service user at the home, who does not have any family, is supported by an advocate. There are no set routines or formal arrangements within the home, as staff respond to each situation as it occurs. The days are organized around the preplanned activities of each service user, and are also influenced by the health of each person. The arrangements regarding the provision of food reflect the individual preferences of the service user, which are recorded. The meals are discussed with each service user, although they are not able to express their specific requirements, it is made very clear if something is not wanted. 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 14 Personal and Healthcare Support
The intended outcomes for Standards 18 - 21 are: 18. 19. 20. 21. Service users receive personal support in the way they prefer and require. Service users’ physical and emotional health needs are met. Service users retain, administer and control their own medication where appropriate, and are protected by the home’s policies and procedures for dealing with medicines. The ageing, illness and death of a service user are handled with respect and as the individual would wish. The Commission considers Standards 18, 19, and 20 the key standards to be inspected at least once during a 12 month period. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for standard(s) 18,19,20 & 21 Support is provided to each service user, and encouragement given to promote independence as far as possible, in meeting the personal care needs of each individual. Advice and guidance is available from the primary healthcare teams, and associated specialists, to ensure that the health needs of service users are fully understood, and that appropriate responses are made. Procedures are in place for managing the ageing process and possible illness and death of service users, to ensure that their dignity is maintained and their wishes respected, although further training for staff would increase their understanding of the related issues. Arrangements for the safe administration of medication are in place at the home. 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 15 EVIDENCE: The personal and healthcare needs of service users, which are extensive, are well documented, and there is evidence to show how staff understand and respond to them in an appropriate way. Personal care is provided in privacy, and is never rushed, although a lot of time is spent giving personal support to each individual. The healthcare of service users is closely monitored, and additional specialist support and advice is sought from the primary health care team, and other health professionals, when necessary. Positive comments have been made by visiting professionals, about the very effective way the extensive needs of service users are met by the staff at the home. Health Action Plans have been implemented for all service users. Medication arrangements at the home are satisfactory. A monitored dosage system is in use, and regular checks by the pharmacist are undertaken. The Medication Administration Records are being completed appropriately, and the MAR charts are now contain information relating to any known allergies. The issues relating to the ageing, illness and possible death of a service user, are briefly considered during the induction process for new staff, but the need was identified for more in-depth training on death and bereavement to be provided. The next of kin of each service user are involved, as appropriate, in any discussion relating to the arrangements to be made in the event of the terminal illness or death of a service user. A policy has also been produced by the organisation. 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 16 Concerns, Complaints and Protection
The intended outcomes for Standards 22 – 23 are: 22. 23. Service users feel their views are listened to and acted on. Service users are protected from abuse, neglect and self-harm. The Commission considers Standards 22, and 23 the key standards to be inspected at least once during a 12 month period. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for standard(s) 22 &23 A satisfactory complaints procedure is followed at the home, and all interested parties are encouraged to express their views and opinions, which are taken seriously by staff, and responded to appropriately. The awareness of the management, together with the training provided for staff, ensures the protection of service users from all forms of abuse. EVIDENCE: A clear procedure for the investigation of complaints has been produced and any issues are dealt with immediately. The document has been produced in a format that is understandable to service users. Discussions have been held with service users families or advocate regarding the process, and all complaints are recorded. Since the last inspection, the records at the home indicate that one complaint has been made, which was dealt with appropriately. Several very positive compliments from both families and professionals have also been received. Staff are able to demonstrate a clear understanding of the issues relating to abuse, and also to their individual role as an advocate for service users. An appropriate procedure is in place relating to the many aspects of abuse and the protection of vulnerable adults. Training for all staff on the Protection of Vulnerable Adults (POVA) has been provided.
6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 17 Environment
The intended outcomes for Standards 24 – 30 are: 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. Service users live in a homely, comfortable and safe environment. Service users’ bedrooms suit their needs and lifestyles. Service users’ bedrooms promote their independence. Service users’ toilets and bathrooms provide sufficient privacy and meet their individual needs. Shared spaces complement and supplement service users’ individual rooms. Service users have the specialist equipment they require to maximise their independence. The home is clean and hygienic. The Commission considers Standards 24, and 30 the key standards to be inspected at least once during a 12 month period. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for standard(s) 24 - 30 The premises are suitable for their purpose. They are comfortable and clean, and ensure as far as possible that the safety and wellbeing of service users is promoted. The standard of the accommodation is excellent. The décor and furnishings are in good condition, and provide service users with an attractive and homely place to live. The location of the house is convenient to local services and facilities, and the layout provides adequate communal space and equipment for the needs of service users. 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 18 EVIDENCE: The premises at 6a, Prospect Place is a large detached, bungalow, which provides a safe and well-maintained maintained environment that is suitable for its purpose. The communal areas of the house are nicely decorated and comfortably furnished. There is a lounge, and a separate dining room, with additional comfortable seating. Sensory equipment is provided for the benefit of service users. The gardens are well maintained, and provide a suitable area for service users during the warmer weather. There is also a patio that can be accessed through a French window from the lounge. There are four single occupancy bedrooms for service users, on the ground floor, which all comply with space and furnishing requirements. The rooms are nicely decorated, reflect the personality of their occupant, and have sensory equipment, specific to the needs of the individual service user. A dormer area on the first floor provides a further two bedrooms, although only one is registered, the other is currently being used for storage purposes. In addition there is a lounge, kitchenette and bathroom and toilet. Adequate toilet and bathing facilities are available. There is a bathroom and a shower room, both with toilets, and there is also a separate toilet. The ground floor of the house is fitted with overhead tracking to assist with moving service users. Appropriate aids and adaptations are provided for the use of service users, although storage space is limited, as the amount of equipment is extensive. The home is clean and free from offensive odours. Procedures are in place in regard to the control of infection, and staff are trained in health and safety matters. There are no outstanding requirements following the most recent visit of the Environmental Health Officer. The home has not received a recent visit from the Fire Safety Officer. The Fire Log Book was seen, and the appropriate checks have been undertaken with the required frequency. 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 19 Staffing
The intended outcomes for Standards 31 – 36 are: 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. Service users benefit from clarity of staff roles and responsibilities. Service users are supported by competent and qualified staff. Service users are supported by an effective staff team. Service users are supported and protected by the home’s recruitment policy and practices. Service users’ individual and joint needs are met by appropriately trained staff. Service users benefit from well supported and supervised staff. The Commission considers Standards 35 the key standard to be inspected at least once during a 12 month period. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for standard(s) 31 - 36 The home has an experienced and competent team of staff, who are able to ensure that the needs of service users living at the home can be effectively met. The extensive training programme available to staff ensures that they are competent in their work, and therefore able to provide appropriate care and support to service users. The management support and supervision given to staff, enables a clear understanding of their roles and responsibilities, and ensures the promotion of the aims and objectives of the home. 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 20 EVIDENCE: New Era provides relevant information for staff on joining the organisation, and also keeps them updated on new developments and any changes that take place. Each member of staff is given a Welcome Pack that contains details about the organisation, and its aims and objectives, an Employee Handbook that provides information about terms and conditions of employment and policies and procedures, and an Induction Checklist covering the first three months of employment. A training programme is in place at the home that includes statutory and specialist training, and the Learning Disability Award Framework (LDAF) accredited training. The training needs of staff are regularly reviewed, and care related courses are attended. A training record is maintained in respect of each member of staff. The rotas indicate that staffing is being maintained at a satisfactory level, and this enables many planned activities to be undertaken with service users. There have been several changes in the staff group in recent months, following a long period of relative stability, which has required some intensive team rebuilding. A thorough recruitment and selection procedure has been produced by the organisation, and includes a commitment to equal opportunities. Criminal Record Bureau checks are completed prior to an appointment being confirmed, and verbal and written references are also obtained. Supervision sessions are organised on a regular basis, and an annual appraisal is undertaken with each member of staff. Staff meetings are held on a regular basis, usually every month. All staff are provided with the General Social Care Council’s Code of Conduct Practice. Comments from staff were all very positive about their experiences of working at the home, and also of being employed by New Era, and this will inevitably be of benefit to service users. 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 21 Conduct and Management of the Home
The intended outcomes for Standards 37 – 43 are: 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. Service users benefit from a well run home. Service users benefit from the ethos, leadership and management approach of the home. Service users are confident their views underpin all self-monitoring, review and development by the home. Service users’ rights and best interests are safeguarded by the home’s policies and procedures. Service users’ rights and best interests are safeguarded by the home’s record keeping policies and procedures. The health, safety and welfare of service users are promoted and protected. Service users benefit from competent and accountable management of the service. The Commission considers Standards 39, and 42 the key standards to be inspected at least once during a 12 month period. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for standard(s) 37,38,39,42 & 43 The management arrangements at 6a, Prospect Place are satisfactory, and staff and service users benefit from the positive leadership, and the person centred approach to the care they receive. Additional support for the manager, in the form of a deputy, would enable more effective overall management of the establishment. The health, safety and welfare of service users is promoted and protected in respect of all safe working practices. 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 22 EVIDENCE: The Care Manager, Mrs Helen Mence, has many years experience working with this client group and has good communication skills, and a clear understanding of her role and responsibilities. She attends various care related training courses and ensures she is kept informed of the various developments relating to the care of people with a learning disability. The need for additional support for the acting manager, in the form of a deputy or senior was identified, to enable her to undertake her management role more effectively. The positive interactions observed between staff and service users were pleasing to observe. There is evidence of effective person centred care being delivered, and the home is being managed in an open and transparent manner. An annual development plan has been produced which involves the whole home. The team has identified where they are at, where they would want to be in 12months time, who they will need to help them to get there, the building bricks and the strengths needed, the first steps and who will do what, reviews of achievements will take place every 3 months, and the outcomes will be measured. A comprehensive health and safety policy has been produced and staff are trained in safe working practices. Appropriate risk assessments are undertaken. Notifications are made to the Commission under Regulation 37, when necessary. A Business Plan is produced by the Organisation, which considers proposals for the next 5 years, and covers all aspects of the work of the New Dimensions Group. A copy of the Plan has been produced specifically for service users. Appropriate insurance cover is in place in respect of the business and the property. 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 23 SCORING OF OUTCOMES
This page summarises the assessment of the extent to which the National Minimum Standards for Care Homes for Adults 18-65 have been met and uses the following scale. The scale ranges from:
4 Standard Exceeded 2 Standard Almost Met (Commendable) (Minor Shortfalls) 3 Standard Met 1 Standard Not Met (No Shortfalls) (Major Shortfalls) “X” in the standard met box denotes standard not assessed on this occasion “N/A” in the standard met box denotes standard not applicable
CHOICE OF HOME CONCERNS AND COMPLAINTS Standard No 1 2 3 4 5 Score 3 3 3 3 3 Standard No 22 23
ENVIRONMENT Score 3 3 INDIVIDUAL NEEDS AND CHOICES Standard No 6 7 8 9 10
LIFESTYLES Score 3 3 3 3 3
Score Standard No 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
STAFFING Score 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Standard No 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 3 3 x 3 3 3 3 Standard No 31 32 33 34 35 36 Score 3 x 3 3 3 3 CONDUCT AND MANAGEMENT OF THE HOME PERSONAL AND HEALTHCARE SUPPORT Standard No 18 19 20 21
6a Prospect Place Score 3 3 3 3 Standard No 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 Score 3 3 3 x x 3 3 E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 24 YES Are there any outstanding requirements from the last inspection? STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS This section sets out the actions which must be taken so that the registered person/s meets the Care Standards Act 2000, Care Homes Regulations 2001 and the National Minimum Standards. The Registered Provider(s) must comply with the given timescales. No. 1. Standard Regulation Requirement There are no requirements following this inspection Timescale for action RECOMMENDATIONS These recommendations relate to National Minimum Standards and are seen as good practice for the Registered Provider/s to consider carrying out. No. 1. 2. 3. Refer to Standard 21 37 Good Practice Recommendations Further bereavement training should be provided for staff Consideration should be given to the staffing structure in the home, and the need for additional senior support staff to be provided 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 25 Commission for Social Care Inspection The Coach House John Comyn Drive Droitwich Road Worcester WR3 7NW National Enquiry Line: 0845 015 0120 Email: enquiries@csci.gsi.gov.uk Web: www.csci.org.uk
© This report is copyright Commission for Social Care Inspection (CSCI) and may only be used in its entirety. Extracts may not be used or reproduced without the express permission of CSCI 6a Prospect Place E52 S18671 6a Prospect Place V241756 310805.doc Version 1.40 Page 26 - Please note that this information is included on www.bestcarehome.co.uk under license from the regulator. Re-publishing this information is in breach of the terms of use of that website. Discrete codes and changes have been inserted throughout the textual data shown on the site that will provide incontrovertable proof of copying in the event this information is re-published on other websites. The policy of www.bestcarehome.co.uk is to use all legal avenues to pursue such offenders, including recovery of costs. You have been warned!