Inspection on 17/01/07 for Park Grove

This inspection was carried out on 17th January 2007.

CSCI has not published a star rating for this report, though using similar criteria we estimate that the report is Good. The way we rate inspection reports is consistent for all houses, though please be aware that this may be different from an official CSCI judgement.

The inspector made no statutory requirements on the home as a result of this inspection and there were no outstanding actions from the previous inspection report.

Other inspections for this house

Park Grove 07/01/09

Park Grove 08/11/05

Park Grove 23/08/05

Park Grove 22/02/05

Park Grove 25/05/04

Similar services:

Chirnside House

Keer Sands Residential Home

Ruskin Lodge

Bushell House

Langrigg House

Parkside

Dystlegh Grange

Thornton Lodge

Extracts from inspection reports are licensed from CQC, this page was updated on 09/07/2008.

CARE HOMES FOR OLDER PEOPLE Park Grove 2-4 Liverpool Road North Burscough Ormskirk Lancashire L40 7SA Lead Inspector Jennifer M. Turner Key Unannounced Inspection 10:15 17th January 2007 X10015.doc Version 1.40 Page 1 The Commission for Social Care Inspection aims to: • • • • Put the people who use social care first Improve services and stamp out bad practice Be an expert voice on social care Practise what we preach in our own organisation Reader Information Document Purpose Author Audience Further copies from Copyright Inspection Report CSCI General Public 0870 240 7535 (telephone order line) This report is copyright Commission for Social Care Inspection (CSCI) and may only be used in its entirety. Extracts may not be used or reproduced without the express permission of CSCI www.csci.org.uk Internet address Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 2 This is a report of an inspection to assess whether services are meeting the needs of people who use them. The legal basis for conducting inspections is the Care Standards Act 2000 and the relevant National Minimum Standards for this establishment are those for Care Homes for Older People. They can be found at www.dh.gov.uk or obtained from The Stationery Office (TSO) PO Box 29, St Crispins, Duke Street, Norwich, NR3 1GN. Tel: 0870 600 5522. Online ordering: www.tso.co.uk/bookshop This report is a public document. Extracts may not be used or reproduced without the prior permission of the Commission for Social Care Inspection. Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 3 SERVICE INFORMATION Name of service Park Grove Address 2-4 Liverpool Road North Burscough Ormskirk Lancashire L40 7SA 01704 893750 Telephone number Fax number Email address Provider Web address Name of registered provider(s)/company (if applicable) Name of registered manager (if applicable) Type of registration No. of places registered (if applicable) Mrs Una Banks Mr Kevin Michael Banks Mrs Judith Lemarinel Care Home 32 Category(ies) of Old age, not falling within any other category registration, with number (32) of places Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 4 SERVICE INFORMATION Conditions of registration: Date of last inspection 8th November 2005 Brief Description of the Service: Mr and Mrs Banks own Park Grove. The house, once a private residence, has been developed over the years to provide personal care and accommodation for up to 32 older people. The home is located in the small village of Burscough, near to shops, pubs and other village amenities. The home provides accommodation throughout two floors and currently single room accommodation is offered, although shared facilities can be made available. Accessible toilets and bathrooms are located on both floors near to bedroom and living rooms. The communal areas are situated on the ground floor and a passenger lift is available for access to the first floor. The home has ample garden space with garden furniture for the residents to enjoy. The weekly charges at the home range between £320.00 and £390 with additional charges being made for hairdressing, newspapers/periodicals, chiropody, toiletries, transport and manicures. Information about Park Grove can be obtained from the home in the form of The Statement of Purpose and Service Users Guide. Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 5 SUMMARY This is an overview of what the inspector found during the inspection. A key unannounced inspection, including a visit to the home, took place on the 17th January 2007. The inspection was unannounced and took place over a nine hour period. At the time of the inspection the occupancy level was twenty-three. The proprietor, manager, senior care staff, three care staff, seven residents and two relatives were spoken to. During the course of the inspection, procedures and records were also examined, lunch was taken with the residents, activities were observed and the premises were viewed. Information from a pre inspection questionnaire and fourteen comment cards from residents and relatives, contributed toward the findings. Areas that needed to improve from the previous inspection were looked at for progress made. The home was assessed against the National Minimum Standards for Older People. What the service does well: Prior to people moving into the home, their needs were assessed. They were consulted about the level and type of care they required and could visit the home to look for themselves at the facilities offered. Important information needed to support them in every day living was recorded and used to plan the care they required. This helped to personalise care and show staff what they should do to achieve this. All residents spoken with, and from information given in the questionnaires, said contracts were given to them. This informed them of the terms and conditions of residence. Staff training was continuous and a number of care staff continued to study for their National Vocational Qualification level 2. This training helps them to understand the diversity of residents needs. Healthcare needs were also monitored and staff worked with visiting medical professionals for the benefit of residents. Relatives commented that the health of their relatives “had improved due to the care and attention received at the home”. Residents stated that they “always received the medical support needed” and that “Doctors are always called when required”. Relatives who sent written comments for the inspection said they were made welcome to the home and could make a visit in private if they wished. They Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 6 also said they were always kept informed of any changes in their relatives care needs. Social activities were managed well even though the post of “Activities Organiser” was vacant. Residents showed the inspector crafts that they had made for Christmas. Even though not all residents were able to participate in activities due to their health, comments made in questionnaires received showed they were included and their limitations recognised. Community contact was also maintained – “I go to the WMC over the road”. There were no rules in the home and routine was personal to each resident. Residents said their meals were ‘good’ and “well varied” with choices offered, and “we get fantastic meals”. Complaints were taken seriously and residents and relatives had confidence any issue they raised would be dealt with properly. Residents said the home was a nice place to live, as one resident said ‘you’ll not find any better’. They were comfortable and warm. They considered staff to be polite, always there for them and respected them. Recruitment and selection of staff was thorough and protected residents. The level of staffing maintained, training provided and supervision was excellent which meant residents were cared for by competent qualified staff. Residents and staff benefited from regular meetings and were informed of any changes planned. The home was organised and managed efficiently. What has improved since the last inspection? What they could do better: Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 7 The homes Fire Risk assessment must be reviewed on an annual basis to ensure the continuous safety of the premises. To increase residents’ privacy, door locks should be fitted onto residents’ bedroom doors and appropriate risk assessments carried out in respect of the use of door keys. The home is constantly being upgraded and the completion of fitting radiator covers would ensure that the health and safety of residents is totally protected. The home should meet the Water Supply (Water Fittings) Regulations 1999. Staff training should continue in order for 50 of the care staff to be qualified at National Vocational Qualification level 2. Please contact the provider for advice of actions taken in response to this inspection. The report of this inspection is available from enquiries@csci.gsi.gov.uk or by contacting your local CSCI office. Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 8 DETAILS OF INSPECTOR FINDINGS CONTENTS Choice of Home (Standards 1–6) Health and Personal Care (Standards 7-11) Daily Life and Social Activities (Standards 12-15) Complaints and Protection (Standards 16-18) Environment (Standards 19-26) Staffing (Standards 27-30) Management and Administration (Standards 31-38) Scoring of Outcomes Statutory Requirements Identified During the Inspection Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 9 Choice of Home The intended outcomes for Standards 1 – 6 are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Prospective service users have the information they need to make an informed choice about where to live. Each service user has a written contract/ statement of terms and conditions with the home. No service user moves into the home without having had his/her needs assessed and been assured that these will be met. Service users and their representatives know that the home they enter will meet their needs. Prospective service users and their relatives and friends have an opportunity to visit and assess the quality, facilities and suitability of the home. Service users assessed and referred solely for intermediate care are helped to maximise their independence and return home. The Commission considers Standards 3 and 6 the key standards to be inspected at least once during a 12 month period. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 3, 6, Quality in this outcome is Excellent. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. A comprehensive assessment procedure was carried out prior to people moving into the home. This meant that their needs were known and met. EVIDENCE: Four residents were case tracked. One was the most recent admission to the home. Assessments from social workers and health service personnel were evident on files examined. A member of the management team made a pre admission visit to prospective residents. This visit took place, either in the prospective residents own home or in hospital. Residents confirmed being visited. Copies of these assessments were viewed on the files examined. Prospective residents received a letter confirming placement and it was suggested to the responsible individual that copies of these were retained on the residents’ files as evidence that they had been sent. Residents said that Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 10 they had been given a copy of the Statement of Purpose and Service Users Guide, and these showed the fees. Any risk assessments required were completed. Residents spoken with said either they or a member of their family had visited the home prior to a decision being taken about residency. Two relatives confirmed that they had prior knowledge of the home before the admission had taken place. There was evidence on files that contracts had been drawn up and the manager and the resident/relative concerned signed these. From the fourteen comment cards received by the Commission for Social Care Inspection all stated that they had received a contract. The home does not offer Intermediate Care. Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 11 Health and Personal Care The intended outcomes for Standards 7 – 11 are: 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. The service user’s health, personal and social care needs are set out in an individual plan of care. Service users’ health care needs are fully met. Service users, where appropriate, are responsible for their own medication, and are protected by the home’s policies and procedures for dealing with medicines. Service users feel they are treated with respect and their right to privacy is upheld. Service users are assured that at the time of their death, staff will treat them and their family with care, sensitivity and respect. The Commission considers Standards 7, 8, 9 and 10 the key standards to be inspected at least once during a 12 month period. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 7,8,9,10 Quality in this outcome is Good This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. Residents’ healthcare needs were identified and met. Personal care was delivered in a way that promoted residents’ privacy and dignity. EVIDENCE: Care planning systems had been improved and further modifications were being made. All areas of healthcare needs were covered. Four residents case files were examined and they held the appropriate risk assessments. Residents had signed their care plans and reviews. Daily diary sheets were completed and care plans and risk assessments were reviewed on a monthly basis. It was suggested that these be reviewed at the same time in order for a Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 12 holistic view to be obtained toward individual care. Members of the care staff and residents spoken with confirmed their involvement with reviews. Personal records on files examined showed that appropriate health care was accessed for residents. Appropriate risk assessments were completed. The medication policy complied with the Royal Pharmaceutical Society Guidelines. Medication storage and administrative systems were viewed and staff responsible for the administration of medication were aware of their responsibilities. The Medical Device Alert relating to Lancing devices was discussed. The home has the relevant information, but District Nurses deal with all injections. Residents and relatives spoken with felt that the care offered by staff was good. “Staff cannot do enough” and “staff are fully supportive and always available to discuss any needs” Some comments made in residents surveys in respect of the staff were: “They are always good, nothing too much trouble” “Someone around all the time” “Staff to be congratulated on the standard of care and attention” Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 13 Daily Life and Social Activities The intended outcomes for Standards 12 - 15 are: 12. 13. 14. 15. Service users find the lifestyle experienced in the home matches their expectations and preferences, and satisfies their social, cultural, religious and recreational interests and needs. Service users maintain contact with family/ friends/ representatives and the local community as they wish. Service users are helped to exercise choice and control over their lives. Service users receive a wholesome appealing balanced diet in pleasing surroundings at times convenient to them. The Commission considers all of the above key standards to be inspected at least once during a 12 month period. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 12,13,14,15 Quality in this outcome is Excellent This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. Residents’ dietary, social, cultural and religious needs were being met. They were able to make choices about their life at the home so that their lifestyle met their preferences. EVIDENCE: The post of a designated activities organiser was vacant but residents spoken with outlined some of the activities that they undertook and the majority of them had been active making Christmas decorations. The inspector was shown some of the finished articles made by those residents who attended the three weekly “Garden Club”. There was a record of activities kept and it was suggested that this was broken down to individual residents in order to see which residents were more involved with activities. One resident said that activities were “always arranged but I am limited because of poor mobility”. Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 14 This was supported by comments made by the relative who said that he was “not always able to participate due to health but he is always included”. From discussion with visiting relatives, it was obvious that they were made welcome at whatever time. The visiting policy was clearly set out in the Statement of Purpose. Discussion with staff members confirmed their understanding of the policy in respect of upholding the rights of the resident to choose whom they wished to see or not see. Both residents and relatives confirmed that residents were free to attend activities that took place in the community if they so wished. Those residents who were able were encouraged to handle their own personal allowance, although relatives said that they were involved with the payment of fees. Information relating to advocacy was clearly displayed in the hallway of the home. Residents had access to their personal records through their involvement with care plans and the review process. One resident commented that residents were “involved with care plan reviews” and they had the opportunity to “have a say”. Menus submitted with the pre inspection questionnaire and those available in the home showed that a balanced diet was being offered. Choices were available at all meals. Staff were seen to ask residents during the afternoon what they wished to have for their tea from food offered. Residents spoke highly of the quality of food said “food was plentiful” and “food was good and well cooked”. Special diets were provided when required. Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 15 Complaints and Protection The intended outcomes for Standards 16 - 18 are: 16. 17. 18. Service users and their relatives and friends are confident that their complaints will be listened to, taken seriously and acted upon. Service users’ legal rights are protected. Service users are protected from abuse. The Commission considers Standards 16 and 18 the key standards to be inspected at least once during a 12 month period. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 16,18 Quality in this outcome is Good This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. Residents were protected from abuse and had access to the homes complaints procedure. EVIDENCE: The complaints policy had been amended and made reference to the Commission for Social Care Inspection. It was displayed in the hallway and in the Statement of Purpose. Residents said that they were confident to approach a member of the management team if there were any concerns. A complaints book was available and there had been no complaints since the last inspection. The manager said that any concerns were usually of an internal nature and dealt with quickly and proficiently. Relatives said that “they knew who to talk to” if they had any concerns. A copy of the Department of Health document “No Secrets” was readily available along with the homes “Whistle Blowing” policy. Staff were aware of their responsibilities toward residents. Records showed that twenty-one members of staff had completed Protection of Vulnerable Adults training during Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 16 September 2006. Although relatives administered resident’s finances, records were seen in respect of the handling of resident’s pocket money. The manager was advised that in all cases two signatures should be made in respect of financial transactions as this protects both staff and residents. Some further records showed two signatures. Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 17 Environment The intended outcomes for Standards 19 – 26 are: 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. Service users live in a safe, well-maintained environment. Service users have access to safe and comfortable indoor and outdoor communal facilities. Service users have sufficient and suitable lavatories and washing facilities. Service users have the specialist equipment they require to maximise their independence. Service users’ own rooms suit their needs. Service users live in safe, comfortable bedrooms with their own possessions around them. Service users live in safe, comfortable surroundings. The home is clean, pleasant and hygienic. The Commission considers Standards 19 and 26 the key standards to be inspected at least once during a 12 month period. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 19,20,21,22,24,25,26 Quality in this outcome is Good This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. The home was warm, clean and comfortable. A good standard of hygiene was achieved. EVIDENCE: The homes Fire Risk Assessment was overdue for review but documentation was in place for this to be carried out. The maintenance book recorded when work was required and it was signed and dated when the work was completed. There were three lounges, one of which was designated as a smokers lounge. There was additional dining space. The garden area was spacious and well used during the warmer weather. Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 18 There were a variety of bathing facilities throughout the home including a walk in shower and two medic baths downstairs and two bathrooms upstairs. Paper hand towels and liquid soap was provided in bathrooms. There were locks on bathroom and WC doors. Sluice facilities were situated outside of the main building. A passenger lift connected both floors. The call system tested positive. All the bedrooms viewed were personalised, and four bedrooms had an ensuite facility. (W.C. and wash hand basin). Storage space was available. Rails were provided along corridors and in bathing and WC facilities. Bedrooms viewed were personalised. Not all radiators were guarded but records showed this was an ongoing exercise. Water temperatures that were spot-checked registered a safe temperature. Although there were lockable facilities available in residents’ bedrooms, not all bedroom doors were fitted with a door lock. Records showed that this was ongoing. Records showed that Legionella testing was carried out annually. The laundry had a lino covered floor and painted walls. There were separate storage bins for whites and coloured washing. The responsible individual said that the industrial washer complied with water regulations. Hand washing facilities were available. The home had not been inspected in regard to the Water Supply (Water Fittings) Regulations 1999 to confirm safe fitting of facilities and this therefore remains a recommendation. Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 19 Staffing The intended outcomes for Standards 27 – 30 are: 27. 28. 29. 30. Service users’ needs are met by the numbers and skill mix of staff. Service users are in safe hands at all times. Service users are supported and protected by the home’s recruitment policy and practices. Staff are trained and competent to do their jobs. The Commission consider all the above are key standards to be inspected at least once during a 12 month period. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 27,28,29,30 Quality in this outcome is Good This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. Staff were recruited using current guidance and received training which was suitable to meet the needs of the current residents. EVIDENCE: At the time of the inspection the staff rota showed that the home was staffed in accordance with regulatory requirements and met the assessed needs of the current residents. The rota also showed which staff had undertaken first aid training. Separate ancillary staff were employed. One of the Senior Care staff has chosen to work after retirement age and is able to offer her experience to staff and is responsible for staff supervision and appraisals. Of the sixteen care staff, records showed that five had completed the National Vocational Qualification at level 2 (31 ) but a further six staff were undertaking the qualification. Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 20 Two staff files were examined including the file of the most recent member of staff. All the required documentation was in place. Records showed that Criminal Record Bureau clearances were received prior to commencement of work. Staff confirmed that they had received job descriptions, terms and conditions of employment and a copy of the General Social Care Council Code of Conduct. Staff confirmed that they received Induction training and Foundation training based on the Skills for Care Standards. A training Consultancy offers training to staff. Training records were available to examine and showed a variety of training being offered. Staff said that training needs were identified during their supervision periods. Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 21 Management and Administration The intended outcomes for Standards 31 – 38 are: 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. Service users live in a home which is run and managed by a person who is fit to be in charge, of good character and able to discharge his or her responsibilities fully. Service users benefit from the ethos, leadership and management approach of the home. The home is run in the best interests of service users. Service users are safeguarded by the accounting and financial procedures of the home. Service users’ financial interests are safeguarded. Staff are appropriately supervised. Service users’ rights and best interests are safeguarded by the home’s record keeping, policies and procedures. The health, safety and welfare of service users and staff are promoted and protected. The Commission considers Standards 31, 33, 35 and 38 the key standards to be inspected at least once during a 12 month period. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 31,33,35,38 Quality in this outcome is Good This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. The welfare of residents was sufficiently protected. The home was run in an open and transparent way with a good staff and management team. EVIDENCE: The manager is appropriately qualified with a number of years experience. She works closely with the registered person who works in the home 3 or 4 days a week. She is considering undertaking National Vocational Qualification training at level 5. From discussions, she had a thorough understanding of her role. Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 22 Comments from residents, staff and visitors gave the inspector an overall view of a family run home where everybody felt included. Records showed that the management team were committed to Quality Assurance issues, holding the Investors In People Award, addressing comments raised in service users surveys, and from these developing a Quality Assurance programme and annual development plan. Families or advocates were responsible for the payment of fees. Some residents chose to manage their own personal allowances. Monies were held individually and securely and records examined, were retained in respect of any transactions. Some transactions showed two signatures but it was suggested that for the protection of staff and residents, two signatures should always be made in respect of financial transactions. Training records evidenced that staff members had participated in training relating to safe working practices. Infection control procedures were available. Records showed that regular servicing of equipment takes place by authorised and qualified contractors. Cleaning materials were stored safely. The reporting of accidents was accurately recorded. The Responsible Individual felt that the home complied with relevant legislation. Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 23 SCORING OF OUTCOMES This page summarises the assessment of the extent to which the National Minimum Standards for Care Homes for Older People have been met and uses the following scale. The scale ranges from: 4 Standard Exceeded 2 Standard Almost Met (Commendable) (Minor Shortfalls) 3 Standard Met 1 Standard Not Met (No Shortfalls) (Major Shortfalls) “X” in the standard met box denotes standard not assessed on this occasion “N/A” in the standard met box denotes standard not applicable CHOICE OF HOME Standard No Score 1 2 3 4 5 6 ENVIRONMENT Standard No Score 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 X X 4 X X N/A HEALTH AND PERSONAL CARE Standard No Score 7 3 8 3 9 3 10 3 11 X DAILY LIFE AND SOCIAL ACTIVITIES Standard No Score 12 3 13 4 14 4 15 3 COMPLAINTS AND PROTECTION Standard No Score 16 3 17 X 18 3 2 3 3 3 X 2 2 2 STAFFING Standard No Score 27 3 28 2 29 4 30 3 MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION Standard No 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 Score 4 X 3 X 3 X X 3 Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 24 Are there any outstanding requirements from the last inspection? No STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS This section sets out the actions, which must be taken so that the registered person/s meets the Care Standards Act 2000, Care Homes Regulations 2001 and the National Minimum Standards. The Registered Provider(s) must comply with the given timescales. No. 1. Standard OP19 Regulation 23 (4) Timescale for action The responsible individual must 31/03/07 ensure that the homes Fire Risk assessment is reviewed on an annual basis Requirement RECOMMENDATIONS These recommendations relate to National Minimum Standards and are seen as good practice for the Registered Provider/s to consider carrying out. No. 1. 2. 3 4 Refer to Standard OP24 OP25 OP26 OP28 Good Practice Recommendations To increase residents’ privacy, door locks should be fitted onto residents’ bedroom doors and appropriate risk assessments carried out in respect of the use of door keys. Radiator guards should continue to be fitted where appropriate. The registered provider should ensure that the home meets the Water Supply (Water Fittings) Regulations 1999 Staff training should continue in order for 50 of care staff to be qualified at National Vocational Qualification level 2. Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 25 Commission for Social Care Inspection Unit 1 Tustin Court Port Way Preston Lancashire PR2 2YQ National Enquiry Line: 0845 015 0120 Email: enquiries@csci.gsi.gov.uk Web: www.csci.org.uk © This report is copyright Commission for Social Care Inspection (CSCI) and may only be used in its entirety. Extracts may not be used or reproduced without the express permission of CSCI Park Grove DS0000005898.V311003.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 26 - Please note that this information is included on www.bestcarehome.co.uk under license from the regulator. Re-publishing this information is in breach of the terms of use of that website. Discrete codes and changes have been inserted throughout the textual data shown on the site that will provide incontrovertable proof of copying in the event this information is re-published on other websites. The policy of www.bestcarehome.co.uk is to use all legal avenues to pursue such offenders, including recovery of costs. You have been warned!