CARE HOMES FOR OLDER PEOPLE
Thornton Lodge 43/45 Thornton Road Morecambe Lancashire LA4 5PD Lead Inspector
Mr Ajam Auckburally Unannounced Inspection 12th June 2007 10:00 X10015.doc Version 1.40 Page 1 The Commission for Social Care Inspection aims to: • • • • Put the people who use social care first Improve services and stamp out bad practice Be an expert voice on social care Practise what we preach in our own organisation Reader Information
Document Purpose Author Audience Further copies from Copyright Inspection Report CSCI General Public 0870 240 7535 (telephone order line) This report is copyright Commission for Social Care Inspection (CSCI) and may only be used in its entirety. Extracts may not be used or reproduced without the express permission of CSCI www.csci.org.uk Internet address Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 2 This is a report of an inspection to assess whether services are meeting the needs of people who use them. The legal basis for conducting inspections is the Care Standards Act 2000 and the relevant National Minimum Standards for this establishment are those for Care Homes for Older People. They can be found at www.dh.gov.uk or obtained from The Stationery Office (TSO) PO Box 29, St Crispins, Duke Street, Norwich, NR3 1GN. Tel: 0870 600 5522. Online ordering: www.tso.co.uk/bookshop This report is a public document. Extracts may not be used or reproduced without the prior permission of the Commission for Social Care Inspection. Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 3 SERVICE INFORMATION
Name of service Thornton Lodge Address 43/45 Thornton Road Morecambe Lancashire LA4 5PD Telephone number Fax number Email address Provider Web address Name of registered provider(s)/company (if applicable) Name of registered manager (if applicable) Type of registration No. of places registered (if applicable) 01524 410430 01524 415438 rod@thorntonlodge.co.uk Mr Rodney Harold Taylor Mrs Karen Mary Taylor Care Home 28 Category(ies) of Mental disorder, excluding learning disability or registration, with number dementia (28), Old age, not falling within any of places other category (10) Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 4 SERVICE INFORMATION
Conditions of registration: 1. The home is registered for a maximum of 28 service uers to include up to 10 service users in the category of OP (Old age not falling within any other category up to 26 service users in the cateogry MD (Mental Disorder excluding learning disability or dementia) aged 60 years and above 2 named service users in the category MD (Mental Disorder excluding learning disability or dementia) over 50 years of age 16th February 2006 Date of last inspection Brief Description of the Service: Thornton Lodge is situated on Thornton Road in Morecambe, and within easy reach of the sea front and the town centre. The home is registered to accommodate 28 residents of both sexes with Mental Disorder including 10 older people. Accommodation is provided on four floors, with a passenger lift providing access to all floors, and a chair lift serving part of the first floor. The home has twenty single rooms and four double rooms, which are furnished in a homely style. One of the single rooms has an ensuite facility. There are accessible toilets and bathrooms located on all floors near to bedrooms and living rooms. There is a patio and garden area with flowerbeds at the rear, with seating and tables accessible for the residents. There are three lounges situated on the ground floor; one of these is currently used a smoker’s lounge. There is a large dining area on the lower ground floor. Residents can use all these communal facilities freely. There were 28 residents living at the home at the time of the inspection. There was a good compliment of staff on duty. Current weekly fees are between £380 and £480 dependent upon assessment of needs. Additional extras like hairdressing and newspapers are paid for by the residents. Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 5 SUMMARY
This is an overview of what the inspector found during the inspection. Under IBL (Inspecting for Better Lives) Thornton Lodge was assessed as requiring a statutory key visit (inspection) between April 2007 and June 2007. An unannounced key site visit was carried out on 12th June 2007. The inspection lasted for 5 hours. The inspection was carried out against the National Minimum Standards for Older People. The inspection despite being an unannounced one was carried out in a friendly atmosphere and with the full cooperation of the owner, the manager, the staff and the residents. During the inspection, some records were looked at and we spoke to most of the residents and the staff. The residents were very positive about the care they receive and the way the staff treat them. Most of them said that Thornton Lodge is a very good home and that they have a lot freedom. One person said “This is an excellent place and I would not swap it for the world.” The staff were very positive about the home and the support and training they receive to carry out their work. A key worker system is operated by the home. This means that each member of staff is responsible for the well being of a small group of residents by ensuring they are well cared for. Evidence about the inspection was gathered firstly by sending out a questionnaire for the manager of the home to complete and return. The completed questionnaire gave information about several areas such as staffing, checks that the home has made about the safety and maintenance of the building, information about residents and other useful information. Questionnaires were also sent to residents, the families and other professionals such as district nurses and doctors. Five residents returned their completed forms. When they were analysed, they showed that everybody was happy with the quality of care provided and the facilities at the home. There were 28 residents living at the home at the time of the inspection and there was an adequate number of care staff, and other ancillary staff on duty. The manager and the catering staff were also on duty. The number of staff on duty was adequate to meet the needs of all the residents.
Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 6 The staff were observed to be polite and attentive when talking and dealing with the residents. What the service does well: What has improved since the last inspection? What they could do better:
There are no requirements or recommendations made following this inspection. Whilst this home is rated as excellent, the owners are constantly keeping abreast of current good practice and striving to improve service.
Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 7 Please contact the provider for advice of actions taken in response to this inspection. The report of this inspection is available from enquiries@csci.gsi.gov.uk or by contacting your local CSCI office. The summary of this inspection report can be made available in other formats on request. Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 8 DETAILS OF INSPECTOR FINDINGS CONTENTS
Choice of Home (Standards 1–6) Health and Personal Care (Standards 7-11) Daily Life and Social Activities (Standards 12-15) Complaints and Protection (Standards 16-18) Environment (Standards 19-26) Staffing (Standards 27-30) Management and Administration (Standards 31-38) Scoring of Outcomes Statutory Requirements Identified During the Inspection Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 9 Choice of Home
The intended outcomes for Standards 1 – 6 are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Prospective service users have the information they need to make an informed choice about where to live. Each service user has a written contract/ statement of terms and conditions with the home. No service user moves into the home without having had his/her needs assessed and been assured that these will be met. Service users and their representatives know that the home they enter will meet their needs. Prospective service users and their relatives and friends have an opportunity to visit and assess the quality, facilities and suitability of the home. Service users assessed and referred solely for intermediate care are helped to maximise their independence and return home. The Commission considers Standards 3 and 6 the key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 3 Quality in this outcome area is excellent. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. There are good practices and written information to help new residents in deciding whether to choose the home. Residents can make an informed choice about the home. EVIDENCE: The records of admission of the last resident admitted to the home were examined. The manager said that in this instance, information was obtained from the relatives who visited the home on behalf of the resident. A member of the management team always visits prospective residents who are unable to visit the home, either in their own home or in hospital before
Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 10 admission. The manager said this helps with introduction as well giving and gaining information. The brochure contains information about the care provided, the facilities, the staffing, the complaint procedure and other useful information. A copy of the last inspection report is given to all new residents or their families. Prospective residents or their families are encouraged to visit the home and spend as much time as they need before making a decision. A written pre admission assessment is done at this stage to ensure that the staff of the home can meet the assessed needs. A form is used to record information under the heading of: personal care, mental capacity, mobility, eating, communication and several more areas relevant to the care of the resident. Bedrooms are allocated according to vacant rooms available and often there is only one to choose from. However, room can be changed when there is a vacancy. The staff said that they are given as much information about the new residents as possible so that they can provide tailor-made care. The manager said that referrals from residents of an ethnic background would be welcomed. She said that research would be carried out, for example if the home was unsure how to meet cultural, religious and dietary needs of people from a different country or culture. One resident in the home is from an ethnic background and appeared to be well integrated. She said that she is very comfortable in the home. The residents said that the staff are very good and that nothing is too much trouble for them. The home does not provide intermediate care. Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 11 Health and Personal Care
The intended outcomes for Standards 7 – 11 are: 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. The service user’s health, personal and social care needs are set out in an individual plan of care. Service users’ health care needs are fully met. Service users, where appropriate, are responsible for their own medication, and are protected by the home’s policies and procedures for dealing with medicines. Service users feel they are treated with respect and their right to privacy is upheld. Service users are assured that at the time of their death, staff will treat them and their family with care, sensitivity and respect. The Commission considers Standards 7, 8, 9 and 10 the key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 7,8,9 & 10 Quality in this outcome area is excellent. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. The practices to meet the health and personal care needs of the residents are excellent. Residents have their needs assessed and met by a team of dedicated staff. EVIDENCE: Two residents, one of whom being the last one admitted to the home were case tracked. This means that two residents were selected by the inspector and the care they receive examined closely. Their assessments and care plans were examined and they were spoken to. Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 12 The records show that detailed written information about the residents has been recorded. These include an assessment to identify the needs of the residents and also a care plan which shows how the needs were being met. The physical assessment covers; personal hygiene, mobility, hearing, vision and other areas. The care plans give details of how the assessed needs are met. For example, if someone needed help with personal hygiene, the record will show that this person needs staff to wash and dress her. The care plans are reviewed monthly or as required to meet the changing needs of the residents. The residents said that they are very well looked after by a team of very good staff. They were very positive about the staff and the management of the home. They described the home as being very good. Five survey cards were received back from the residents and they were all positive about the staff and the care they receive. The inspector observed a very relaxed and friendly atmosphere in the home. There were good interactions between the staff and the residents. To meet the needs of residents who need support when walking along the corridors, handrails have been fitted on the walls. Some of the toilets have been fitted with grab rails to help those residents with poor balance and mobility. A passenger lift is available to access all the floors and there is also a chair lift to service part of the first floor. All the residents except one are white British, and the manager said that she is aware of equality and diversity issues and will obtain as much information as possible by researching any other group to meet care, cultural and dietary needs. The home is sensitive to the needs of all the residents and does everything to help them remain as independent as possible. Resident’s health care needs are met by involving health care professionals. GP’s, district nurses and chiropodist visit when required. A record of all residents’ medications is contained on a computer database and includes a full history of all drugs prescribed for each individual resident. This enables a full print out to be provided at any time for all drugs for each resident. This system has proved to be very effective and valuable to general practitioners and psychiatrists when assessing residents drug needs. When a Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 13 resident is admitted to hospital, the manager is able to send a full print out of medication with them. The medications of two residents were audit trailed and were found to be correct. Residents who are able and willing can keep and administer their own medications. The staff said that their job is to work with the residents and meet all their needs. They said that they have very good relationships with all the residents. They were observed talking and helping the residents with respect and dignity. Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 14 Daily Life and Social Activities
The intended outcomes for Standards 12 - 15 are: 12. 13. 14. 15. Service users find the lifestyle experienced in the home matches their expectations and preferences, and satisfies their social, cultural, religious and recreational interests and needs. Service users maintain contact with family/ friends/ representatives and the local community as they wish. Service users are helped to exercise choice and control over their lives. Service users receive a wholesome appealing balanced diet in pleasing surroundings at times convenient to them. The Commission considers all of the above key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 12,13,14 & 15 Quality in this outcome area is excellent. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. There is a good range of activities to help stimulate the residents. Residents are encouraged to participate in activities and are helped to remain independent and active. EVIDENCE: The manager said that residents are encouraged to remain as independent as they want and able to. The residents said that they can do what they want and join in organised activities that they liked. Residents were observed doing their own things. Some were in the lounges and others were in their rooms. They said that they are able to remain as independent as they want or able to. They said that staff are helpful and will provide assistance when required.
Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 15 Several residents said that they like to stay in their rooms for most of the day. Some of them would join the others in the dining room at meal times, whilst some would eat in their rooms. One resident was able to bring his dog with him. He said that it is wonderful that his dog could come and stay with him. From examination of files, discussion with residents and staff it was clear that the homes routines are flexible and led by the wishes of residents. Activities recorded are, board games, indoor skittles, Tai Chi, remedial massage, sing along, and provision of library books. There are regular outings and decisions on where to go are discussed in residents meetings. There is a key worker system in operation in which staff support individual interests identified in the initial assessment. Residents said that they are supported in pursuing their interests and that there is always something to occupy their time. As a reminder for the residents, all activities are posted on the notice board situated near the entrance hall. Residents spoke very highly of the help they receive and felt that the home supports them in what they want to do. Menus seen showed a good variety of food on offer with choices always available. If residents do not like what is on the daily menu, they are able to ask for something else. Residents said that they are happy with the standard and variety of food they receive. The cook said that residents can within reason have what they want. . Special diets such as diabetic, fat free and other foods can be catered for. Residents are encouraged to eat with others in the dining rooms, but may eat in their rooms if they prefer. There is a good choice of food to choose from at breakfast and teatime including a hot meal. Hot drinks are served at regular times in the day, but residents can ask for one when they want. Families and friends of residents are encouraged to visit when they want. Some of the residents said that their relatives take them out regularly. Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 16 The staff said that they try and meet residents’ individual needs. They said that if residents wanted to go for a walk or do something, they would try to oblige. The residents said that they can do what they want and that the staff are very helpful and would assist them when required. Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 17 Complaints and Protection
The intended outcomes for Standards 16 - 18 are: 16. 17. 18. Service users and their relatives and friends are confident that their complaints will be listened to, taken seriously and acted upon. Service users’ legal rights are protected. Service users are protected from abuse. The Commission considers Standards 16 and 18 the key standards to be. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 16 & 18 Quality in this outcome area is good. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. There are stringent policies and procedures to safeguard and keep residents safe. EVIDENCE: The home has a robust procedure for dealing with complaints. All complaints and incidents are recorded in a book. The last complaint recorded in January 2007 was dealt with promptly and to the satisfaction of the complainant. Written information about how and who to complain to is given to residents or their families. The residents said that if they had any complaints, they would speak to the manager and have every confidence that their concerns would be dealt with. The manager said that the management team is always available to speak to the residents or their families. Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 18 The manager said that she speaks to residents and staff on a daily basis. The manager said that this allows for problems and concerns to be sorted out as they appear. There are systems in place for staff to report any incident of abuse either by staff themselves or by families. All the residents appeared to be safe and free from harm, neglect and abuse. Staff were observed treating the residents with respect and dignity. The staff spoken to were aware of different types of abuse. One member of staff spoken to was able to describe abuse as being physical, emotional and financial. Several staff have attended a course on abuse awareness. All the residents appeared to be very relaxed and were not afraid to speak to the inspector. Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 19 Environment
The intended outcomes for Standards 19 – 26 are: 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. Service users live in a safe, well-maintained environment. Service users have access to safe and comfortable indoor and outdoor communal facilities. Service users have sufficient and suitable lavatories and washing facilities. Service users have the specialist equipment they require to maximise their independence. Service users’ own rooms suit their needs. Service users live in safe, comfortable bedrooms with their own possessions around them. Service users live in safe, comfortable surroundings. The home is clean, pleasant and hygienic. The Commission considers Standards 19 and 26 the key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 19 & 26 Quality in this outcome area is good. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. The home is kept to a good hygienic standard and is well maintained. Residents live in a clean and well kept home. EVIDENCE: A tour of the building was carried out and all the communal areas were found to be clean and tidy. With the permissions of the residents, several bedrooms were visited. They were found to be clean. The residents who were occupying some of these bedrooms said that the domestic staff comes in everyday to tidy and clean their rooms. They said that they do not have to leave their rooms if they don’t want whilst cleaning is being done.
Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 20 Many of the rooms were personalised with residents’ own furniture and ornaments. Residents are encouraged to bring in as much of their own things as they want. The manager said that there is a rolling a programme of maintenance and carpets are changed when necessary. The residents said that they feel safe living at the home and that their rooms are well maintained. There are policies and procedures regarding the handling of cleaning materials and infection control. Some staff have attended courses on the control of infections. The residents’ general comments were that the home is nice, clean and homely. The management of the home has made great effort in providing aids and adaptations to help residents with physical disabilities. Handrails have been fitted alongside the corridors to help residents with mobility. There are grab rails fitted to some of the toilets to help residents who are disabled. There are ramps both at the front and the rear of the building. A passenger lift is available for the residents to use independently if they wish. A team of domestic staff is employed to do the cleaning and a handyman is also employed for maintenance. The home was found to be free from hazards and the residents said that they can get around the home safely. Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 21 Staffing
The intended outcomes for Standards 27 – 30 are: 27. 28. 29. 30. Service users’ needs are met by the numbers and skill mix of staff. Service users are in safe hands at all times. Service users are supported and protected by the home’s recruitment policy and practices. Staff are trained and competent to do their jobs. The Commission consider all the above are key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 27,28,29 & 30 Quality in this outcome area is excellent. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. There is a robust recruiting and training procedures to ensure that staff employed are fit to care for the residents. Residents are cared for by a team of well-motivated staff. EVIDENCE: The number of staff on duty has been maintained to a good level to meet the needs of the residents. At the time of the inspection, there were 4 care staff, the manager, catering and other ancillary staff on duty. Staff rotas examined show that the staffing level is good for the number of residents at the home. Some of the staff have worked at the home for many years and this ensures continuity. It was obvious that the staff knew the residents well and that there was a good rapport between them. The staff and residents were seen talking and laughing. Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 22 The manager demonstrated a good understanding of the procedures to be followed when selecting and recruiting staff. The management team has produced a well written recruitment policy for its staff. A member of the management team is always involved in the recruitment of new staff. A resident is also involved in the process of recruiting new staff. This is commendable and shows the confidence and trust the management has in the resident. The staff files examined show that appropriate checks have been carried out before offers of employment were made. Such checks included CRB (Criminal Records Bureau) checks and a POVA (Protection Of Vulnerable Adults) check. There is a comprehensive induction process for all staff, which ensures they receive good basic training. Training also include, Fire Procedures, Moving and Handling and many other relevant courses There is a clear commitment to the training and development of all staff at the home and all staff are expected to go on the NVQ training programme once they have completed their induction training. Currently 76 of care staff have completed their NVQ 2 and above and the other 24 are on the course. It is expected that in a few months time, 100 of the staff would have done this course and this is highly commendable. A training matrix examined shows the staff have completed courses on Challenging behaviour, principles of care, dementia awareness, abuse, risk assessment, and other relevant courses. The staff spoken to said that they enjoy working at the home very much. They said that the management is very supportive and listens to what they have to say. The residents said that the staff are marvellous and will do anything for them. There were good interactions between the residents and the staff. They all appeared to be happy and content Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 23 Management and Administration
The intended outcomes for Standards 31 – 38 are: 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. Service users live in a home which is run and managed by a person who is fit to be in charge, of good character and able to discharge his or her responsibilities fully. Service users benefit from the ethos, leadership and management approach of the home. The home is run in the best interests of service users. Service users are safeguarded by the accounting and financial procedures of the home. Service users’ financial interests are safeguarded. Staff are appropriately supervised. Service users’ rights and best interests are safeguarded by the home’s record keeping, policies and procedures. The health, safety and welfare of service users and staff are promoted and protected. The Commission considers Standards 31, 33, 35 and 38 the key standards to be inspected. JUDGEMENT – we looked at outcomes for the following standard(s): 31,33,35 & 38 Quality in this outcome area is excellent. This judgement has been made using available evidence including a visit to this service. The home has an efficient management team. The residents and staff benefit from living and working in a well managed home EVIDENCE: Thornton Lodge is managed on a day-to-day basis by the owner, Rod Taylor with fulltime support by a manager and senior care staff. The home also employs an advisor/consultant who provides administrative and computer support to the management.
Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 24 The home is accredited with ISO 9001 and Investors in people both of which require regular assessment. These are external bodies which assess the qaulity of service provided by the home. A survey of residents and relatives is carried out and examples of this were seen during the inspection. The manager said that the home has an open door policy and that residents and staff are always welcome to come and have a chat. Residents and or their families are encouraged to deal with their own finances. Most of the fees due to the home are paid for by direct debit arrangements. Where the home, keeps money on behalf of residents, appropriate records are kept. The inspector had the full cooperation of the manager, the staff and the residents during the inspection. The manager said that she has daily contact with the residents and will deal with any concerns they may have straight away. The inspection was carried out in a friendly environment and residents and staff said that Thornton Lodge is a very good home. Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 25 SCORING OF OUTCOMES
This page summarises the assessment of the extent to which the National Minimum Standards for Care Homes for Older People have been met and uses the following scale. The scale ranges from:
4 Standard Exceeded 2 Standard Almost Met (Commendable) (Minor Shortfalls) 3 Standard Met 1 Standard Not Met (No Shortfalls) (Major Shortfalls) “X” in the standard met box denotes standard not assessed on this occasion “N/A” in the standard met box denotes standard not applicable
CHOICE OF HOME Standard No Score 1 2 3 4 5 6 ENVIRONMENT Standard No Score 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 X X 4 X X N/A HEALTH AND PERSONAL CARE Standard No Score 7 4 8 4 9 4 10 4 11 X DAILY LIFE AND SOCIAL ACTIVITIES Standard No Score 12 4 13 4 14 4 15 4 COMPLAINTS AND PROTECTION Standard No Score 16 3 17 X 18 3 3 X X X X X X 3 STAFFING Standard No Score 27 4 28 4 29 4 30 4 MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION Standard No 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 Score 4 X 4 X 4 X X 4 Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 26 Are there any outstanding requirements from the last inspection? STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS This section sets out the actions, which must be taken so that the registered person/s meets the Care Standards Act 2000, Care Homes Regulations 2001 and the National Minimum Standards. The Registered Provider(s) must comply with the given timescales. No. Standard Regulation Requirement Timescale for action RECOMMENDATIONS These recommendations relate to National Minimum Standards and are seen as good practice for the Registered Provider/s to consider carrying out. No. Refer to Standard Good Practice Recommendations Thornton Lodge DS0000009658.V338415.R01.S.doc Version 5.2 Page 27 Commission for Social Care Inspection Lancashire Area Office Unit 1 Tustin Court Portway Preston PR2 2YQ National Enquiry Line: Telephone: 0845 015 0120 or 0191 233 3323 Textphone: 0845 015 2255 or 0191 233 3588 Email: enquiries@csci.gsi.gov.uk Web: www.csci.org.uk
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