Care Home: Sherwood

Similar services:

• Ruskin Lodge
• Dystlegh Grange
• The Good Companions
• Springfield Cottage
• Cuerden Grange Rest Home
• Cornmill Nursing Home
• Vitalise Sandpipers Centre
• Sue Ryder Care Birchley Hall

What the care home does well People were treated with respect and were supported and encouraged by staff to regain their independence. One person said, "They`ve really worked with me and I`m improving." Another person said, "The staff are very helpful, they`re always there when I`m using my frame." Another person said, "It`s home from home, the staff are very willing and obliging." One person who completed the survey wrote, `I have been well satisfied with everything in the home.` A visiting occupational therapist said the staff were good and always asked for advice when necessary. All the people asked said the meals were good. One person said there was a nice variety of food. Training for all members of staff was actively encouraged. More than half of the care workers had National Vocational Qualifications in health and social care at level 2 or above. The two members of staff who completed the survey stated that they were given training which kept them up to date and enabled them to meet the individual needs of people using the service. What has improved since the last inspection? Action has been taken to comply with the recommendation made to amend safeguarding procedures. These now clearly state the action that staff must take if allegations of abuse are made. What the care home could do better: To ensure medication is stored correctly and securely the trolley where medication is stored must be fastened to the wall or the office door must be kept locked. The regular audits of medication must include assessing members of staff in order to ensure that they have the necessary skills to handle medication safely. To ensure medication can be audited accurately all containers of medication should be dated when they are opened. Clear written instructions should be in place for staff to follow to ensure medication prescribed when required is given correctly. To ensure the manager receives proper support and supervision the registered person must visit the home every month, talk to people using the service and members of staff and provide a written report for the manager. Key inspection report Care homes for older people Name: Address: Sherwood Clifton Street Rishton Nr Blackburn Lancashire BB1 4DW     The quality rating for this care home is:   two star good service A quality rating is our assessment of how well a care home is meeting the needs of the people who use it. We give a quality rating following a full review of the service. We call this full review a ‘key’ inspection. Lead inspector: Susan Hargreaves     Date: 2 0 0 8 2 0 0 9 This is a review of quality of outcomes that people experience in this care home. We believe high quality care should • • • • • Be safe Have the right outcomes, including clinical outcomes Be a good experience for the people that use it Help prevent illness, and promote healthy, independent living Be available to those who need it when they need it. The first part of the review gives the overall quality rating for the care home: • • • • 3 2 1 0 stars - excellent stars - good star - adequate star - poor There is also a bar chart that gives a quick way of seeing the quality of care that the home provides under key areas that matter to people. There is a summary of what we think this service does well, what they have improved on and, where it applies, what they need to do better. We use the national minimum standards to describe the outcomes that people should experience. National minimum standards are written by the Department of Health for each type of care service. After the summary there is more detail about our findings. The following table explains what you will see under each outcome area. Outcome area (for example Choice of home) These are the outcomes that people staying in care homes should experience. that people have said are important to them: They reflect the things This box tells you the outcomes that we will always inspect against when we do a key inspection. This box tells you any additional outcomes that we may inspect against when we do a key inspection. This is what people staying in this care home experience: Judgement: This box tells you our opinion of what we have looked at in this outcome area. We will say whether it is excellent, good, adequate or poor. Evidence: This box describes the information we used to come to our judgement. Care Homes for Older People Page 2 of 26 We review the quality of the service against outcomes from the National Minimum Standards (NMS). Those standards are written by the Department of Health for each type of care service. Copies of the National Minimum Standards – Care Homes for Older People can be found at www.dh.gov.uk or bought from The Stationery Office (TSO) PO Box 29, St Crispins, Duke Street, Norwich, NR3 1GN. Tel: 0870 600 5522. Online ordering from the Stationery Office is also available: www.tso.co.uk/bookshop The mission of the Care Quality Commission is to make care better for people by: • Regulating health and adult social care services to ensure quality and safety standards, drive improvement and stamp out bad practice • Protecting the rights of people who use services, particularly the most vulnerable and those detained under the Mental Health Act 1983 • Providing accessible, trustworthy information on the quality of care and services so people can make better decisions about their care and so that commissioners and providers of services can improve services. • Providing independent public accountability on how commissioners and providers of services are improving the quality of care and providing value for money. Reader Information Document Purpose Author Audience Further copies from Copyright Inspection report Care Quality Commission General public 0870 240 7535 (telephone order line) Copyright © (2009) Care Quality Commission (CQC). This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part, free of charge, in any format or medium provided that it is not used for commercial gain. This consent is subject to the material being reproduced accurately and on proviso that it is not used in a derogatory manner or misleading context. The material should be acknowledged as CQC copyright, with the title and date of publication of the document specified. www.cqc.org.uk Internet address Care Homes for Older People Page 3 of 26 Information about the care home Name of care home: Address: Sherwood Clifton Street Rishton Nr Blackburn Lancashire BB1 4DW 01254829816 01254829816 Telephone number: Fax number: Email address: Provider web address: Name of registered provider(s): Mrs Maria Goretti Timmins Name of registered manager (if applicable) Mrs Kathleen Howard Type of registration: Number of places registered: care home 6 Conditions of registration: Category(ies) : Number of places (if applicable): Under 65 physical disability Additional conditions: The registered person may provide the following category of service only: Care home only - Code PC. To service users of the following gender: Either. Whose primary care needs on admission to the home are within the following categories: Physical disability - Code PD. The maximum number of service users who can be accommodated is: 6. Date of last inspection Brief description of the care home Sherwood House is a large 2 storey terraced property situated in the small town of Rishton and close to shops and local amenities. The home offers 24-hour personal care for up to 6 people who have a physical disability and require intermediate care. Staff at Sherwood House work in partnership with Lancashire Council Social Services and the National Health Service to provide a rehabilitation programme for the residents. Accommodation is provided in single en-suite rooms on both floors of the home. Care Homes for Older People Page 4 of 26 Over 65 0 6 Brief description of the care home Access to the first floor is via a stair lift. Communal rooms consist of a lounge, dining room and kitchen. Residents usually stay at the home for about 6 weeks. During this time independence is promoted and progress reviewed weekly. Social services are responsible for placing and funding all residents at Sherwood House. Additional charges are payable for hairdressing, newspapers, and toiletries. A statement of purpose and service user guide is available on request. Care Homes for Older People Page 5 of 26 Summary This is an overview of what we found during the inspection. The quality rating for this care home is: Our judgement for each outcome: two star good service Choice of home Health and personal care Daily life and social activities Complaints and protection Environment Staffing Management and administration peterchart Poor Adequate Good Excellent How we did our inspection: A key or main unannounced inspection, which included a visit to the home, was conducted at Sherwood on 20 August 2009. As part of the inspection process we looked at all the information we have received about Sherwood since the last key which took place on 18 September 2007. This included an Annual Service Review on 18 September 2008. The purpose of this was to assess if the quality of care provided to people living at the home had changed and to make sure the home was being properly managed. Information about the last key inspection and the Annual Service Review can be obtained from Sherwood or www.cqc.org.uk The manager completed an annual quality assurance assessment several weeks before this visit to the home. This document is a self-assessment that focuses on how well outcomes are being met for people who use the service. It also gives us some numerical information about the service. Care Homes for Older People Page 6 of 26 Two completed surveys were returned from people using the service and two from members of staff. At the time of this visit four people were living at the home. A tour of the premises took place and we looked at staff files and care records. We also spoke to members of staff on duty, people who use the service and a visiting occupational therapist. Discussions also took place with manager regarding issues raised during the inspection. Care Homes for Older People Page 7 of 26 What the care home does well: What has improved since the last inspection? What they could do better: If you want to know what action the person responsible for this care home is taking following this report, you can contact them using the details on page 4. Care Homes for Older People Page 8 of 26 The report of this inspection is available from our website www.cqc.org.uk. You can get printed copies from enquiries@cqc.org.uk or by telephoning our order line 0870 240 7535. Care Homes for Older People Page 9 of 26 Details of our findings Contents Choice of home (standards 1 - 6) Health and personal care (standards 7 - 11) Daily life and social activities (standards 12 - 15) Complaints and protection (standards 16 - 18) Environment (standards 19 - 26) Staffing (standards 27 - 30) Management and administration (standards 31 - 38) Outstanding statutory requirements Requirements and recommendations from this inspection Care Homes for Older People Page 10 of 26 Choice of home These are the outcomes that people staying in care homes should experience. They reflect the things that people have said are important to them: People are confident that the care home can support them. This is because there is an accurate assessment of their needs that they, or people close to them, have been involved in. This tells the home all about them and the support they need. People who stay at the home only for intermediate care, have a clear assessment that includes a plan on what they hope for and want to achieve when they return home. People can decide whether the care home can meet their support and accommodation needs. This is because they, or people close to them, have been able to visit the home and have got full, clear, accurate and up to date information about the home. If they decide to stay in the home they know about their rights and responsibilities because there is an easy to understand contract or statement of terms and conditions between them and the care home that includes how much they will pay and what the home provides for the money. This is what people staying in this care home experience: Judgement: People using this service experience good quality outcomes in this area. We have made this judgement using a range of evidence, including a visit to this service. A thorough admission procedure ensured people admitted to the home were suitable for intermediate care. Evidence: A copy of the statement of purpose and service user guide is available to people who are considering using the service and their relatives on request. These supply information about the care and facilities provided at the home. Admission to Sherwood is arranged by social services. Prior to admission members of the intermediate care team which include occupational and physiotherapists assess the capabilities of people considering using the service to ensure they are suitable for the rehabilitation programme. A copy of the pre-admission assessment is given to the manager before the person is admitted to the home. The manager explained that on admission personal and social care needs are discussed with the person and their relatives. Detailed notes are made and these along with the pre-admission assessment Care Homes for Older People Page 11 of 26 Evidence: are used to develop the care plan. We looked at the care records of two people using the service. Detailed pre-admission assessments were seen in both files. The rehabilitation programme usually lasted for about six weeks and involved frequent visits from occupational and physiotherapists. Progress is reviewed weekly and new goals are set to help people using the service achieve the level of independence they need in order to return to their own homes. A visiting occupational therapist explained that they provided the necessary advice and support to staff to ensure their instructions were carried out correctly. She said, The staff are good and always check before doing anything more. People using the service praised the staff for their help and support. One person said, Theyve really worked with me and Im improving. Another person said, Staff are very helpful and always there when Im using my walking frame. Care Homes for Older People Page 12 of 26 Health and personal care These are the outcomes that people staying in care homes should experience. They reflect the things that people have said are important to them: People’s health, personal and social care needs are met. The home has a plan of care that the person, or someone close to them, has been involved in making. If they take medicine, they manage it themselves if they can. If they cannot manage their medicine, the care home supports them with it, in a safe way. People’s right to privacy is respected and the support they get from staff is given in a way that maintains their dignity. If people are approaching the end of their life, the care home will respect their choices and help them feel comfortable and secure. They, and people close to them, are reassured that their death will be handled with sensitivity, dignity and respect, and take account of their spiritual and cultural wishes. This is what people staying in this care home experience: Judgement: People using this service experience good quality outcomes in this area. We have made this judgement using a range of evidence, including a visit to this service. People who use the service were cared for in a manner which promoted their independence, privacy and dignity. Evidence: We looked at the care plans of two people who use the service. These plans identified the health and personal care needs of each person and provided clear directions for staff to follow to ensure their individual needs were met in the way they preferred. One care plan explained the action staff needed to take to help the person with their exercises and regain their confidence. Another care plan advised staff to speak clearly so that the person could hear what was being said. Appropriate risk assessments including ones for falls, nutrition and the development of pressure sores were in place. Clear directions for staff to follow about how to manage identified risks was also included in the care plans. A written report about the care given to each person using the service and any progress they had made with their rehabilitation was written every day. The night staff Care Homes for Older People Page 13 of 26 Evidence: also completed a detailed report about the assistance each person had needed during the night. This ensured that all staff had up to date information about the condition of each person in order to ensure continuity of their care within the rehabilitation programme. The occupational and physiotherapists recorded details of their visits in the individual care plans of people using the service. They also provided written instructions for care workers to follow explaining what they needed to do to help and support people with their rehabilitation. People using the service and their relatives were involved in planning their care and had signed the care plan to indicate their agreement with the care provided. Medication was administered by members of staff who had received training in the management of medication. The manager explained that the night staff do not currently administer medication but are doing training that will enable them to do so. A senior member of staff is on call during the night and can be contacted if a person using the service requires any medication. We looked at the records for the management of medication. These included a record of medication received into the home and a record of unused medication returned to the pharmacy. We checked a sample of medication records and stock but found it difficult to account for some medication. This was because medication was not always dated on opening. Writing the date on medication when they are opened helps to prevent mishandling. Some people using the service were prescribed medication to be taken when required. Although there was some written guidance for staff to follow about the administration of this medication the guidance was not very clear. The manager was advised to record whether the person would ask for their medication or the symptoms they might display when they needed their medication. Having clear written instructions for the administration of when required medication ensures people are given their medication only when they need it. A supply of homely remedies was not available. These are medicines such as paracetamol that can be bought over the counter. Having a supply of homely remedies ensures people receive treatment for minor ailments like a headache or indigestion when they need it without having to wait for a doctor to be contacted. We looked at the records of how medication was checked by the manager. Although Care Homes for Older People Page 14 of 26 Evidence: some detailed checks of the amount of medication in stock were carried out the manager was advised to further develop this system to ensure this included staff competence. Regular recorded checks of staff competence ensures they have the necessary skills to handle medication safely. Medication was stored in a locked trolley in the staff office. However, the trolley was not secured to the wall and the office was not locked. This is in breach of current guidelines. The manager explained the office had only partition walls and it was not possible to secure the trolley to these. The manager was advised to keep the office door locked when staff were not in the room. Although controlled drugs were not currently prescribed, these are medicines that can be misused, the storage available for these was a cash box within the medicine trolley. This was not attached to the inside of the trolley so it was not completely secure. Storing medication securely helps to prevent misuse. People using the service said they were treated with respect. One person said, The staff are very willing and obliging. Another person said, The staff are all very helpful. Members of staff were observed speaking to people in a polite and friendly manner. Care Homes for Older People Page 15 of 26 Daily life and social activities These are the outcomes that people staying in care homes should experience. They reflect the things that people have said are important to them: Each person is treated as an individual and the care home is responsive to his or her race, culture, religion, age, disability, gender and sexual orientation. They are part of their local community. The care home supports people to follow personal interests and activities. People are able to keep in touch with family, friends and representatives. They are as independent as they can be, lead their chosen lifestyle and have the opportunity to make the most of their abilities. People have nutritious and attractive meals and snacks, at a time and place to suit them. There are no additional outcomes. This is what people staying in this care home experience: Judgement: People using this service experience good quality outcomes in this area. We have made this judgement using a range of evidence, including a visit to this service. Independence was promoted and people using the service were supported by members of staff to have a fulfilling lifestyle. Meals were wholesome and appetising and people enjoyed them. Evidence: People using the service were usually quite busy during the day doing exercises and activities as part of the rehabilitation programme. One person said, The days are busy I exercise twice on my bed and twice in the dining room. Another person explained how the physiotherapist had asked him to some exercises when sitting in a chair. Another person told us that she had made light meals for herself in the kitchen. One member of staff explained that activities were organised in the evening for people if they wanted to join in. These included bingo, dominoes, quizzes and jigsaws. The people using the service said they had all enjoyed playing dominoes the previous evening. People using the service and members of staff said that visitors were welcomed into the home and offered refreshments. The daily routine was flexible in order to meet the needs and preferences of people Care Homes for Older People Page 16 of 26 Evidence: using the service. All the people asked said they could choose when to get up and go to bed. One person said, I can get up and go to bed when I want. A light meal was served at lunchtime and the main meal later in the day. People had chosen what to eat at lunchtime, one person had soup, another had poached egg on toast and others a sandwich. All the people using the service said the meals were good. One person said, The meals are very good, we have a nice variety. The two people who completed the survey indicated that suitable activities were arranged and the meals were good. Care Homes for Older People Page 17 of 26 Complaints and protection These are the outcomes that people staying in care homes should experience. They reflect the things that people have said are important to them: If people have concerns with their care, they or people close to them know how to complain. Any concern is looked into and action taken to put things right. The care home safeguards people from abuse and neglect and takes action to follow up any allegations. People’s legal rights are protected, including being able to vote in elections. This is what people staying in this care home experience: Judgement: People using this service experience good quality outcomes in this area. We have made this judgement using a range of evidence, including a visit to this service. People using the service felt confident to express any concerns. Members of staff had the training necessary to ensure people who use the service were protected from abuse. Evidence: A copy of the complaints procedure was included in the statement of purpose and service user guide and displayed in the home. The two members of staff who completed the survey indicated that they knew what to do if a person using the service or their relatives expressed any concerns to them. All the people using the service who were asked said that would feel confident to make a complaint should it become necessary. One person said, I would tell them if something was wrong. No complaints have been made to the manager or the directly to the Commission since the last key inspection. We looked at the policies and procedures for safeguarding vulnerable adults. The procedure stated the action that members of staff must take if allegations of abuse are made. Discussion with two members of staff confirmed that they had received training in safeguarding vulnerable adults. They both said they would report any concerns immediately and knew the procedure they must follow. Care Homes for Older People Page 18 of 26 Environment These are the outcomes that people staying in care homes should experience. They reflect the things that people have said are important to them: People stay in a safe and well-maintained home that is homely, clean, pleasant and hygienic. People stay in a home that has enough space and facilities for them to lead the life they choose and to meet their needs. The home makes sure they have the right specialist equipment that encourages and promotes their independence. Their room feels like their own, it is comfortable and they feel safe when they use it. This is what people staying in this care home experience: Judgement: People using this service experience good quality outcomes in this area. We have made this judgement using a range of evidence, including a visit to this service. The premises are well maintained and provide a comfortable and homely environment for people who use the service. Evidence: A tour of the premises confirmed that the home was clean, tidy and generally well maintained. This provided a homely and comfortable environment for people using the service. One person using the service said the home was very comfortable. Another person said the home was very clean. The two people who completed the survey stated that the home was always clean and fresh. Although there isnt a garden the manager explained that people could sit outside at the front of the property if the wished when the weather permitted. All the laundry was done at the home. A suitable washing machine and dryer in the kitchen ensures clothes are washed promptly and returned to people using the service. Gloves and plastic aprons were available throughout the home for members of staff to use in order to protect themselves and people using the service from infection. Care Homes for Older People Page 19 of 26 Staffing These are the outcomes that people staying in care homes should experience. They reflect the things that people have said are important to them: People have safe and appropriate support as there are enough competent staff on duty at all times. They have confidence in the staff at the home because checks have been done to make sure that they are suitable to care for them. Their needs are met and they are cared for by staff who get the relevant training and support from their managers. There are no additional outcomes. This is what people staying in this care home experience: Judgement: People using this service experience good quality outcomes in this area. We have made this judgement using a range of evidence, including a visit to this service. Members of staff are encouraged to acquire the skills and knowledge necessary in order to meet the needs of people using the service. Recruitment procedures are thorough. Evidence: The duty rota provided details about the grades and number of staff on duty for each shift. Surveys completed by people using the service and members of staff indicated that there was always enough on duty to attend promptly to peoples needs. We looked at the files of two members of staff appointed since the last inspection. These files indicated that all the required information had been obtained before both members of staff had started working at the home. These included two written references and a Criminal Records Bureau check. These checks ensure that people who use the service are protected from the employment of unsuitable staff. Discussion with the manager and members of staff confirmed that training for all members of staff was encouraged. This included induction training for new employees, moving and handling, basic food hygiene, first aid, health and safety, safeguarding vulnerable adults and fire awareness. In addition to this most of the care workers had National Vocational Qualifications at level 2 or 3 in health and social care. Care Homes for Older People Page 20 of 26 Management and administration These are the outcomes that people staying in care homes should experience. They reflect the things that people have said are important to them: People have confidence in the care home because it is led and managed appropriately. People control their own money and choose how they spend it. If they or someone close to them cannot manage their money, it is managed by the care home in their best interests. The environment is safe for people and staff because appropriate health and safety practices are carried out. People get the right support from the care home because the manager runs it appropriately with an open approach that makes them feel valued and respected. The people staying at the home are safeguarded because it follows clear financial and accounting procedures, keeps records appropriately and ensures their staff understand the way things should be done. They get the right care because the staff are supervised and supported by their managers. This is what people staying in this care home experience: Judgement: People using this service experience good quality outcomes in this area. We have made this judgement using a range of evidence, including a visit to this service. The home has a competent manager and the views of people using the service are considered when decisions about the care and facilities provided at the home are made. Evidence: The manager has several years experience of caring for older people who need rehabilitation. She keeps up to date with current practice by attending appropriate training, reading care journals and using the internet. Discussion with the manager confirmed that she was committed to running the home in the best interests of the people using the service and had achieved the nationally accredited Investors in People Award. People using the service were asked to give their views about the care they had received by completing a satisfaction questionnaire when they were ready to be discharged. The responses on the ones we looked at indicated that people were Care Homes for Older People Page 21 of 26 Evidence: satisfied with the rehabilitation programme. Meetings with people using the service were held regularly to enable them to discuss any aspect of their life at the home. These included meals, activities and arrangements for visiting. The manager explained that although the proprietor visited the home regularly she did not complete a written report very month. The purpose of these visits is to supervise and support the manager and ensure the home is being run in the best interests of people using the service. A written report provides the manager with details of any action that she needs to take in order to improve the care provided. Policies and procedures for safe working practices were in place. These help to make sure the home is a safe place to live and work. We looked at the records of the weekly testing of the fire alarm and emergency lighting. An up to date fire risk assessment was in place and fire drills took place regularly. However, the manager was advised to keep a staff attendance record at each fire drill to ensure all members of staff received this training. We looked at the records of routine servicing of equipment and found that the gas safety and electrical installation certificates were out of date. The testing of small electrical appliances had not been carried out since September 2007. However, a few days after this visit the manager confirmed that Small electrical appliances had been tested and arrangements made for the gas safety and electrical installation certificates to be renewed. Care Homes for Older People Page 22 of 26 Are there any outstanding requirements from the last inspection? Yes £ No R Outstanding statutory requirements These are requirements that were set at the previous inspection, but have still not been met. They say what the registered person had to do to meet the Care Standards Act 2000, Care Homes Regulations 2001 and the National Minimum Standards. No. Standard Regulation Requirement Timescale for action Care Homes for Older People Page 23 of 26 Requirements and recommendations from this inspection: Immediate requirements: These are immediate requirements that were set on the day we visited this care home. The registered person had to meet these within 48 hours. No. Standard Regulation Requirement Timescale for action Statutory requirements These requirements set out what the registered person must do to meet the Care Standards Act 2000, Care Homes Regulations 2001 and the National Minimum Standards. The registered person(s) must do this within the timescales we have set. No. Standard Regulation Requirement Timescale for action 1 9 18 Regular medication audits must include assessing staff competency. This will ensure members of staff have the skills they need to manage medication safely. 30/10/2009 2 9 13 The trolley where medication 02/10/2009 is stored must be secured to the wall or the office door must be locked. This will ensure medication is stored securely and meets current guidelines. 3 37 26 The registered person must make an unannounced visit to the home every month and provide a written report for the manager. A copy of this report should also be supplied to the Commission. This will ensure the manager received proper support and supervision. 30/10/2009 Care Homes for Older People Page 24 of 26 Recommendations These recommendations are taken from the best practice described in the National Minimum Standards and the registered person(s) should consider them as a way of improving their service. No Refer to Standard Good Practice Recommendations 1 9 A supply of homely remedies should be made available so that people receive treatment for minor ailments when they need it. Clear written instructions should be in place for staff to follow to ensure medication prescribed when required is given correctly. All containers of medication should be dated when they are opened. This will ensure medication is managed correctly and enable accurate checks to be made. A staff attendance register should be kept at each fire drill in order to ensure that all members of staff receive this training. 2 9 3 9 4 38 Care Homes for Older People Page 25 of 26 Helpline: Telephone: 03000 616161 Email: enquiries@cqc.org.uk Web: www.cqc.org.uk We want people to be able to access this information. If you would like a summary in a different format or language please contact our helpline or go to our website. Copyright © (2009) Care Quality Commission (CQC). This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part, free of charge, in any format or medium provided that it is not used for commercial gain. This consent is subject to the material being reproduced accurately and on proviso that it is not used in a derogatory manner or misleading context. The material should be acknowledged as CQC copyright, with the title and date of publication of the document specified. Care Homes for Older People Page 26 of 26 - Please note that this information is included on www.bestcarehome.co.uk under license from the regulator. Re-publishing this information is in breach of the terms of use of that website. Discrete codes and changes have been inserted throughout the textual data shown on the site that will provide incontrovertable proof of copying in the event this information is re-published on other websites. The policy of www.bestcarehome.co.uk is to use all legal avenues to pursue such offenders, including recovery of costs. You have been warned!